找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
Google FB TK游戏代投⚡️E.PN 虚拟卡⚡️BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具
ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理虚拟信用卡+独立站收款全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值
Facebook 批量上广告尤里改 - FB 稳定投放免费黑五教程(持续更新、欢迎交流)FB 三不限源头 - 自助下户充值转款
各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)IPCola原生住宅IP⚡️$1.8/条双ISPFB资源,账单户,分享户,国内一手TK加白户/二解户/FB海外户/GG老户
海外CL企业户源头最大欧洲Nutra网盟BA找量 FB高权重耐操个号⚡️稳定过审GG,FB,TK, 欧美源头, 欢迎合作❤️
FB企业户海外户,授信户,TK加白户联盟收款/海外资金下发/服贸结汇✔Taboola海外户9千万住宅IP-低至$0.3/gb✅静态$4/ip
广告位出租虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构  
查看: 7019|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑 3 u& F% _7 t: V7 C, `4 l
% u# N1 H0 J$ G# Q& B4 k7 y5 `3 }
转帖- U6 d2 u* t& f/ o* P. ?) w* I
1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)
" ]( P  w. S9 P) p( E

! S7 z+ v$ ]* d) k' k8 n8 _例如:: h4 U7 I7 ?+ ]  h3 x

- Z/ f, p* @& T  R' P" X- oMany people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)
- b2 e8 {; C' z' O, K% Q8 t5 }0 M9 @, e1 i
Three hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。)
- ~' K3 [5 C2 y8 S. o3 d# L# Y7 n# _( z( L- P
This news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread)
: B& x  T6 D, ?9 J! \! [9 t  E$ B( Q
) t3 H" W# |0 ?: L# W6 O9 sThe president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?)
6 i: \2 H9 i% f) s% [; h. C
9 a( c+ L) m+ n' e* K  r; t4 II have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)  f$ ^7 B4 R, P8 P

# x) |0 S! B# w7 r/ ?( |: xMr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor)
1 L' a: G9 d2 s) s
  y  K/ t8 g, O% u7 nWe hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)
# V* M9 w: i9 O' Q9 V0 P/ p. T/ h2 C1 {) |
The charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词)$ s  p7 z/ u! g: G7 J

: P; j* O: p; f! Q! a0 lWe don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)
  ]1 t2 Q" U2 `( l# u/ o
- p- ~6 O% Y7 H  q5 ePlease act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?)4 l9 g9 ]. H, H/ t

5 p, Z$ v+ L- ~. b- E5 ]2 Z这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!* `& [6 w1 O  W3 b

4 z1 z- r2 H3 O0 j3 n' ^5 m* n
2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。
6 n, g& W3 y* W6 r1 A
1 p, K+ ?) W8 }4 K& f$ K例如:0 F8 N0 `4 a) k& ?. \% t
" I2 a* o+ ?0 y. z3 Z
At this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)
! ^4 J6 J2 d; v/ K
) k6 r5 u9 y, w( @: K6 ~Despite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though)
) q3 s9 J& X$ I3 ~& G& x- i% q* B( `; ^7 t2 V( w
I am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)
: z; C0 V- @" e/ D& u7 y/ p/ z, M# E
0 b0 c$ v+ V0 S# |+ `) c$ nHe quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)
: L" A$ N. d0 k  E
, l0 y. F) N4 C- C! r- UIn the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)
9 a* q5 K+ w7 m* d  ]$ `- B7 w& X) @7 g! R  s3 y5 K
She shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer)6 J- Z! N$ k7 x  P7 e

. K3 P$ o* c' W2 `% o9 AI will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)" Q; H# `. t2 N

0 D4 o7 ]' Z- ]0 O/ u如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:0 y3 O; @9 L6 h4 ]; I1 W! [
% o- [( O( J" \1 W4 a, V  n
The consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。)
! e' @6 @& {' F3 @  f6 q% |
6 u( R5 d! _( e, V3 aThe letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.)
$ K2 q$ J( o7 D% Y
( X: H7 e" i6 vHe has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)  x' W/ @1 s- \% `- d- `7 m. ^& B

, ?3 t* S6 c* o  [$ @3 XHe has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味)
4 E' A2 T6 O# i( E" b& Y% }
$ I8 B. w) F' f9 eWe assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的): {$ r& ?! J# \/ |3 D
7 R3 i& p5 d# u# {+ O
Enclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收)4 e/ K1 r- u: H( I5 A# t

! C3 N! E0 v; |: p/ R: u写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)4 y6 {' X2 n  b" x! B9 M

  z# z/ s5 N8 w* O1 Q2 Z此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。2 `1 e- u) \1 }0 l) f' q
& h3 @4 o* J. p! H9 C6 p
4 d9 t, W. ]2 A: u2 X
3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」6 c. C1 O  [& W. O) I
) S4 D; N4 a6 \
例如:3 ]9 \, i. I2 q: I# {$ o

" v. h' Z9 Q3 n+ F7 C* M7 JMankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数)1 i# `% x4 Y/ ~8 F- A7 E# ?
4 \6 U& _' T* r5 e& b
Manpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources)
0 p: {" z) \+ ^' \9 W/ z# ]
  m) D2 a7 L" M% ?% dThis small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)# s( u9 X0 y6 i% e

) m  B" ?% l1 q* t( `' THe (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。). N1 A7 K& Q( g; m% I2 r' K

9 P$ f7 c) l) Z0 @Many businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。)
2 l8 Y' F5 x+ q7 b0 k6 l/ ]) v/ I/ f! H# S, Z8 o2 V9 [! H# F0 j
Policemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别)
/ \1 C" z6 F" ~& q9 q' p9 p4 j* H, Q- E
Congressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives)4 V, g8 p  K6 x& @

6 p3 J) X. `* n6 J/ H; ?' ?, UStewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)
3 l4 R% I6 w; B, S9 P5 Q
* R, a1 U) v$ M) I7 j同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。
4 h. d$ m1 \& ]0 n# G" j. r% t0 C
0 ]( `" J9 B( g& e! J: b" q( Y当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:
/ Y- f/ @9 m0 M5 [* g. [
& b8 `; C" j/ i0 f8 E对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;
" p" s2 k# {4 X! H" @5 T5 }: n: W6 v' i. y
对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;( @$ d& }7 {5 E" F1 g

7 S9 c9 ]- }0 h% o" r0 c8 W9 g! {对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;
5 b: |  A" a3 T, h4 s3 `, X$ e, _2 J& b; j+ T" D
对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;6 x% Y' l- k+ S
& S1 x5 Q9 O  U4 E' z+ w. y
至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:
8 k( Y9 T& q8 H
8 b0 V& i, R" O# X) w5 p还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。
" V2 B6 ]9 N7 L/ S% x5 I- f0 C0 O: `0 O0 L
有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。
' B+ o/ E$ a! y4 D

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2026-9-13 22:25 , Processed in 0.064936 second(s), 24 queries , Gzip On.

Copyright © 2001-2026, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表