AdvertCN - 广告中国

 找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
⚡️AdsPower:安全不封号,高效自动化Google FB TK游戏代投⚡️E.PN 虚拟卡⚡️BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!
比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理虚拟信用卡+独立站收款
全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值Facebook 批量上广告尤里改 - FB 稳定投放免费黑五教程(持续更新、欢迎交流)
FB 三不限源头 - 自助下户充值转款各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)IPCola原生住宅IP⚡️$1.8/条双ISPFB资源,账单户,分享户,国内一手
TK加白户/二解户/FB海外户/GG老户最大欧洲Nutra网盟BA找量 FB高权重耐操个号⚡️稳定过审GG,FB,TK, 欧美源头, 欢迎合作❤️
FB企业户海外户,授信户,TK加白户联盟收款/海外资金下发/服贸结汇域名防红⚠斗篷工具/可试用3天⚡️Spend.net — 美元卡仅需$0⚡️
比特浏览器+云手机 |防关联防封号Facebook截流, 1 次点击 2 次曝光广告位出租8500万高质量住宅IP,助力各种需求
虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构   
查看: 6474|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

Rank: 2

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
Deepclick
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑
3 e+ y' B% e1 A# x
# ~- z  Y6 V1 C) [0 z转帖  e9 F+ O5 }: ~; F0 [5 s! d) a- _& y
1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)
* ?; F, ]: k% x1 k  n
9 C/ ~* s$ w& ?4 J. w
例如:9 q$ J3 r9 K: c  I( l
+ p; p& v: z6 `7 s
Many people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)
& Q2 h% p7 f: N' A$ j- O. c# P8 U5 n) t% |
Three hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。)1 K4 H3 D% R4 ]" w
0 _+ U# u0 ~& r9 Y; R
This news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread)5 J. B! k* {' x/ q# h/ n
( l: j* \( ]; l8 \# J  T& ^2 Q4 Z
The president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?)
' `. \0 {; I0 Z6 M3 q& p1 }9 }1 R& K# B) i5 `9 j
I have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)
3 {% |. w( `* n6 `6 C4 Y1 j& n5 n1 P' w- W, O. |0 s5 M
Mr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor)6 z; q$ x$ f( I
/ T3 d$ W( i) p/ n. H3 d
We hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)
% v: O) W. M8 s; C/ i7 a( t
; w& z7 o+ h+ g0 y* f) D' f" |' `The charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词)
6 N3 m8 E' @# ^# X& Y: j" l6 d6 R& r, N1 X8 v
We don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)
6 s5 s1 k# c( h5 w1 Y9 w) C) S1 M, L3 E4 i: _, C  C
Please act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?)4 b# {! l" A; @
8 }6 s& H7 ~3 Z2 p6 }' e
这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!
( o: E- ?- l% Q$ J1 z( x" y
  L+ ~3 ^' }$ b9 T7 u, S$ A- E, |& V7 w$ @( r/ N, K
2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。
& w2 O1 E, v; {3 \) K$ l) [" c9 G
' w( u: Q/ \$ x& e$ Z& k0 a1 \( K  N例如:
1 S' F/ R! U+ K: D, _
- m( {& c" d4 r, t* _* `" o9 CAt this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)( w$ B* l% @) J9 n- C) \8 f3 ~

, M/ W" i2 v7 j  M6 e( w" ~Despite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though)
3 C% m! T- f7 R3 H" m  x& [9 Z7 @2 T8 [
I am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)3 w  ?7 a& X5 L, W" g
2 m' N& z" Z+ I1 w* y2 M8 E$ b
He quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)/ q5 O% W: o- t" D3 X

  c4 K/ d6 I2 ~: r- ?& j' e' W! gIn the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually): ^% r' M3 g+ V& }3 B) ]  V4 p
  c9 h! a* {4 |6 o  {
She shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer)
' g3 C4 X7 n" ^/ m- H6 a9 N' S4 [
* O4 U! i( c; R( @  R4 tI will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)
+ D+ u% M2 Q* ^1 L1 ~2 O0 a7 d! H1 {; e4 K+ I8 F# H& y6 a
如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:' E+ k- E6 D# p- r
! x; a' d& v& o0 i" |: {3 r# I' R
The consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。)
. R4 g, m+ C/ d' T4 I0 Z# ]& ^: A
: t: o; R+ ]3 \; \% E+ pThe letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.)+ Y; t4 C) Y/ Z4 L, p

: c8 p5 g3 b  }1 s/ ~7 E1 VHe has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)
4 R* O9 W7 f1 [3 }; V4 N, N. F% |, e3 K, s% L- A
He has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味)
3 a+ ]1 f3 E; @1 Z, s. X
( o! i7 E; x! k' o" W; L* v/ cWe assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的)
/ b  c( }* ~; g- K2 j6 ?+ K5 z9 w3 w% d! U) z- o4 m6 ?
Enclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收)4 T. r" a! P/ Q

# L. h# K5 i/ h. Q) {写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)
1 ~: r) u: r: ~
' |- g7 V8 L; c此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。% r+ `$ `* O+ h' ~2 W
. b+ q  x: V' \) R$ D5 |6 R2 r

! s- b7 R8 a! P' d8 D4 |. `3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」
" J0 [- ^; r3 S! S3 ?+ `
( N0 X% r) b! q' }$ z例如:
( ^9 V* {1 `1 H
1 H- r% c) o) R- S3 {* PMankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数)* h$ ^  {  m, j: L0 i+ k

! |: i8 s- a: T: j$ c* fManpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources)" R8 e. E1 _( _+ D/ v
! |# N6 ]1 y3 p0 B
This small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)
/ q4 b# \: C8 T# x4 c, F  s! h, U2 v, Y. u1 b: S
He (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。)
9 Y& l" V4 G9 F2 G! K( p0 s* |
: |9 u1 F0 v0 p. V- z; mMany businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。)
& J+ i3 a. r( d2 Z2 K. y
4 r" }9 {  b( c( U6 l' ~5 L* w$ s1 HPolicemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别)
( L2 b3 R$ R3 }9 _) g3 F  E1 f7 G8 a" B
Congressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives). m. `; r5 U$ E& K
3 A4 M- ?$ p" h4 K: ]8 g, @: K
Stewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)
9 P; Z3 p3 ~- I" e: a" ]9 {, X3 R+ I2 L
同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。
  ]) Q0 l2 C( t, r( Y
+ a1 ^4 j2 G" F; j% A: [- v4 V当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:
. ^$ ?2 K) p/ v( J
  E& \) R7 \% G/ V% C9 t4 g对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;) U- C; [0 o3 Z0 f
" }9 r) d# |8 y  a) k% F
对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;
8 K' n- I0 }. t  e8 Q6 l+ ]' b7 b( P' _. w: e8 H3 U4 ?
对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;+ J! H- d. T6 T, ]$ r

0 L# T8 g2 x2 v# q; |5 a对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;- m- H( c2 d! U9 x1 E. `4 K
/ B# K) J2 z' v  J7 }* x2 _
至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:# ?- E3 x2 k7 S* k

# e. ~# @' Z5 H6 Q3 s2 m还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。" L$ A& z7 \6 f9 y5 C/ v, O
; z; N% D; I* u) b" N- z
有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。
; w# {7 L' t! H5 ^# Q) {, n6 e' ^5 C

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2026-7-7 23:57 , Processed in 0.047280 second(s), 14 queries , Gzip On, MemCache On.

Copyright © 2001-2023, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表