AdvertCN - 广告中国

 找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
⚡️AdsPower:安全不封号,高效自动化Google FB TK游戏代投⚡️E.PN 虚拟卡⚡️BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!
比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值
Facebook 批量上广告尤里改 - FB 稳定投放免费黑五教程(持续更新、欢迎交流)FB 三不限源头 - 自助下户充值转款
各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)IPCola原生住宅IP⚡️$1.8/条双ISPTK加白户/二解户/FB海外户/GG老户海外CL企业户源头
FB高权重耐操个号⚡️稳定过审TikTok2审户/老户/国内外端口/加白GG,FB,TK, 欧美源头, 欢迎合作❤️FB企业户海外户,授信户,TK加白户
联盟收款/海外资金下发/服贸结汇域名防红⚠斗篷工具/可试用3天广告位出租8500万高质量住宅IP,助力各种需求
虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构   
查看: 6325|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

Rank: 2

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑 # b8 i) O1 P+ `. h& j
9 a/ d7 i4 v7 a4 M/ v
转帖+ L/ e+ B  [2 h3 L7 e
1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)
# c9 S9 k' l* x9 a! _
- `; b1 {9 e0 }! I' W1 ?* E6 r: G
例如:
/ P# C/ q6 _% F- _4 q) ?) a) w
' a/ L" J8 [' q# h1 R9 lMany people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)4 u3 J8 S, O$ L, r" b( S' Q
$ S# D2 S+ h9 G2 D6 A
Three hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。)' M! G4 o; ~( T3 j; {  V3 a1 M

5 s# |: o5 ~4 X' Q2 J7 EThis news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread)5 M$ t: L6 E4 b, B$ s- i$ k! p
) t* @" O8 i' Z% b, ^% `; a! e# v
The president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?)
8 P! Y# a- \& l' _- `
. J0 Z4 g8 o2 AI have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)3 B/ b2 R/ P9 |3 S

2 N, P  M; D$ B, u7 ^9 }4 _Mr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor)
  T7 [" S8 F4 Q- S- X9 g$ o
5 z7 E: d- K- m; F! x( z% v$ EWe hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)
; p; N' A, f1 X( P, o" ~) a$ S# Z; S5 h. i4 [8 y
The charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词)5 t# L, s! X2 t* `0 z

' q% {) o1 C/ C9 ]We don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)
) S3 i" d4 s  X; T# l5 u
" b# Q* G; H; h( _5 X, C" C7 E. JPlease act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?), c" I4 D" s9 ?" b& d, A; y

+ U  Y+ q4 J2 }, ^- m2 g: M: H这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!' H& D/ q; i# ^: m6 e

; h7 O' a. c) v" ]. K5 C0 E3 y4 o1 h' ?9 w) F8 [
2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。4 {$ T3 I. w0 y) r& i

6 N5 [( X+ ^# U$ f1 }9 ]6 i例如:/ t0 y! H# d! ^7 h2 R- M6 `
7 X7 O, B2 Z2 z: ?  X$ U# _
At this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)) E2 T5 P# s  e/ R& s0 b
& A1 L& F$ t' S- ~8 Y
Despite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though)
+ h& \$ N. ~" f8 h
/ [: c- ?0 i* i6 J6 n* ~I am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)
& g, |6 v, Q" T9 T* m
4 z. u) z) \1 B) z( e1 d+ [He quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)
$ U, Y, U' n. w2 U1 c, q
. N/ [0 K7 @- O3 n. ?6 }( t! X% x8 f/ OIn the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)
9 t# i* K0 F' F! r4 w% m  E, `. Y
She shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer)
0 V$ a  p2 [' L' I. Q9 o  E. T! w+ m! F+ y4 K0 J
I will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生), n. D; b% K) r/ k

2 G' Y" r1 v! r& C: ~/ f如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:6 o* A. }. f6 f3 q" t
; s: ~& D! [/ [( ~4 S6 _
The consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。)
5 b+ y$ @7 c, g1 G) @& U# R8 e; e" E1 T6 M4 m% n/ O
The letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.); X9 ~& M9 S9 n, @# u$ B$ [
7 x9 i3 l4 [$ N  `9 t1 Y, s/ r
He has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)& q" R% D0 }0 ^; v
; u& u8 ?6 c, \  u# b, b
He has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味)( P) w4 B9 u1 x: @  U0 j

1 S2 n, o2 Q& jWe assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的)3 \) U; Q  u$ k& C

  ^' n: L: U6 g4 o, V. _Enclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收)5 b6 ~2 @$ n0 g% e% a7 w+ U- N
) J2 t& Z: g9 n
写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)  i; D/ Z* C- I/ I  m
6 }! S# Y1 Q6 t7 m
此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。+ [: }( ~7 T; k4 J
# Z( t1 l: e5 y$ O
) k+ K# u5 G6 Z0 F* n5 k: c& O
3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」- z. A( `/ J. J8 Z

7 w4 r# a8 I" [( @! _例如:$ ]3 p% l) r# Y  Z/ X

* M6 c" ~0 f' H0 @Mankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数)  }" ^) a+ L; o( L

( V( ?) M& d9 x, SManpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources). [, Y& j. z3 X5 q6 |
' y1 M0 z* x. v/ Y
This small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)6 I  q% j  p1 {7 x
9 R& B8 O# _( s
He (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。)
1 `" C( @- }! l6 ~0 J2 D3 n2 j, \; z4 `  _/ ], }7 z; A
Many businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。)4 a, A/ l% a% h7 `. w8 a

* ~/ {1 z& V  p% |0 CPolicemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别)
8 V4 w0 A% C5 K  A& s9 Y. f8 x% y# d7 j9 U& e; Y3 z
Congressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives)
$ I- |0 y3 G: g/ \4 e+ J/ a$ M9 m
: R3 [/ M% Q6 G  D) i2 L: o0 zStewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)
, q; ?: K$ [4 _; L! k/ _" s( n% K5 V: L  F% @; z* t7 c# S
同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。& |8 H) w& }. u, R5 y

5 V9 i# {+ A( n- G7 p/ A当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:3 |9 R- |' X4 Y% C3 O

7 @+ R) j. }! {对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;
; G8 Y6 b$ [, c6 P8 j  [/ _- V; a$ B" ~' \
对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;1 m& y4 \$ O& y* G- Y( X5 ?: p

  C; O6 [8 _) J# O. p1 e6 Z6 c' B/ d  K对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;
  X) w" c' u7 a* h9 x: ]' Y, `+ p5 n1 `* A6 X2 \5 i$ e6 `
对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;
" |+ ~  b! L1 H* q# @
; k2 ?) q$ `" w- v+ Z# E2 x1 c! F至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:
8 ?+ v7 ^6 Y) @1 J+ A# u$ W+ B9 i5 O: R
还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。2 ^* ^" M$ Q1 I) \

5 j8 k( a8 Z2 V/ d0 C有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。
7 I4 f$ c# y6 B# Y' m

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2026-6-20 06:58 , Processed in 0.052584 second(s), 17 queries , Gzip On, MemCache On.

Copyright © 2001-2023, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表