AdvertCN - 广告中国

 找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
⚡️AdsPower:安全不封号,高效自动化Google FB TK游戏代投⚡️E.PN 虚拟卡⚡️BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!
比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值
Facebook 批量上广告尤里改 - FB 稳定投放免费黑五教程(持续更新、欢迎交流)FB 三不限源头 - 自助下户充值转款
各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)IPCola原生住宅IP⚡️$1.8/条双ISPFB资源,账单户,分享户,国内一手TK加白户/二解户/FB海外户/GG老户
海外CL企业户源头FB广告Spy工具⚡免费试用✅ FB个号1块一个TikTok2审户/老户/国内外端口/加白
GG,FB,TK, 欧美源头, 欢迎合作❤️FB企业户海外户,授信户,TK加白户联盟收款/海外资金下发/服贸结汇域名防红⚠斗篷工具/可试用3天
广告位出租8500万高质量住宅IP,助力各种需求虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构 
查看: 6273|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

Rank: 2

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑
. P5 J: r7 K/ `- |* H# S" L+ c4 Z$ T( ]$ V. |6 V
转帖
4 K6 R: L2 K/ I/ \' [& n1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)

; b( y! h# n5 M% i; U4 c" z8 |, s; H1 C8 w4 _  p5 u
例如:
: k; D' B1 a! {) ?/ @4 r3 t- v4 W) k/ i. G- s8 c
Many people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)6 x/ c  U* W0 a# n7 q$ b: e
' C8 Y, i2 A6 K2 ~2 f/ K& X! P
Three hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。)
* m3 a: Q% H& y' _2 P" i
1 E( a) t  k# l0 tThis news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread)# |/ a- \  G  a$ V# a
- \$ D. u0 ?2 p- Y6 {6 p' J, F" E
The president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?)
) ^' V3 [: W8 k, q6 V6 }( {3 u2 y- w, \5 c6 i
I have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。); D: u4 m( t; c' Y; ?. u
4 e# j, C" }, n9 N( X. D9 P5 T
Mr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor)
  f6 `  \9 I0 x% J: Q7 ?7 W8 I7 H8 a4 G9 l+ u
We hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)
, Y7 |( _9 m& P; c
8 `9 ~+ f4 U9 F* bThe charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词)+ j* Y: l# e& M4 R( o7 g) b- a
% ]9 L! y3 S# F2 s7 K4 e; _. F
We don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)
0 }, f1 C$ a' j  h
. J$ b! o* d6 CPlease act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?)
; w8 j) ^2 S" _1 W6 j  D' a# q
1 Q, G) h# _: b" u( F' A0 D这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!' R- _& L+ t- k3 e$ ^
$ \$ {! F) t9 O9 _- V
$ r% o! A7 p; a5 V- {0 N4 p! Q
2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。
% e( M8 b) ]& P! J9 W, g9 Y, }* A2 x0 f& G; K" ?8 }
例如:
* V& H* V5 T- f# K9 L6 R' D6 |
4 t* w" N8 G2 K/ F" O( gAt this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now), ^; c& ]" ?6 h
8 I, f4 q0 q2 c2 d9 X% m  B% N
Despite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though)5 h: H' N' J. u' {9 p
  _. V& a: c9 `8 v/ l: X% q2 R
I am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)5 k- t. x% ]( ^( J

# f9 r1 C# i8 i* s, l* i% }He quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)& Y1 Z3 `* P; m, s& D/ S
" z$ A6 S% A& }8 m1 ]) V  t
In the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)
- A, U. d* H$ T- w- c
2 C4 r* z2 w  E) `) `9 wShe shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer); b% d: X. F. ?* j& z
% O1 l6 o" ~- O( v; H% s2 c
I will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)9 }( @* j* {  v% |) y

  h2 a8 S6 m( X6 V6 G如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:6 R' K' b. G8 ]5 `: d" {0 {$ N( B
+ B, y$ |8 Q$ X- J# W( C
The consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。)2 M( j2 m" k; ]! j4 m
" }  m6 o* Z$ O4 l  C- J
The letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.)
; e9 L( }3 }1 Q" ]' h; `8 X# C1 c" O5 `! X* K
He has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)8 S( P9 b  x& o% u* W

6 K9 T8 |7 w. [3 ?He has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味)# X) \; d7 c6 Y4 V: ]
: \: h6 c5 ~% y0 f
We assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的)
/ I. S) n( L2 [2 k5 \
' ?1 P. @- [: [- Q0 ]8 a4 PEnclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收)
9 T, s, }; V4 e" L* m$ f* r: s- V/ Q2 G& w
写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.). @$ |2 H  |8 f, s4 \) P

+ a) B  c# r. U2 N: G此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。2 I8 q( x& Z3 ]" u9 x

+ P# o  O+ s5 @6 b5 ]4 ^* [3 v0 `2 i) b$ ^7 L
3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」
+ V0 c( U, Z  k7 e$ s9 Z$ K( C1 o- X+ B7 u" h
例如:
* `5 D; ], f, [8 ?" L+ H% V  _0 v$ w8 Y% N5 ^/ G
Mankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数)
$ o/ c# V3 ]1 n( ^8 G; z; M
0 k& y- \  |' q. K% e8 UManpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources)2 p5 `  l8 @2 s. t$ L- e2 ~
2 x, {4 G5 X5 K# n. n0 `
This small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)
1 L; x- F+ t9 p  \" R( M9 _( |+ {  n; y+ e, z3 c
He (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。)* F( ?- w- j5 O3 i6 \

; q1 N. \% `( N- [+ n1 e5 S& gMany businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。)" w! R& [  j, d/ e, V# W
( D$ l) C* _" q* ]" r* n
Policemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别)
  J9 @' J& i4 Q) }# U2 v7 r& f" i$ S8 c2 R6 e+ q( K. `( ], @: R0 v
Congressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives)
/ e/ k6 w  _1 V- c& S" a6 G8 U
; H; Q, v! S' t2 f  MStewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)
0 p. ~- a- L2 W" I6 I/ T3 s9 N1 i9 t8 _9 @9 e8 B' X$ Z7 Y9 m) G; A
同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。, C  G, i# _7 U" U; r

/ u5 ~+ w8 m+ |* ~. K( ^( x$ y3 X当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:* U5 Y* Y+ E+ K* E! t2 D
) F! I& [6 e1 A4 I4 @
对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;
/ H" j3 z: l; G8 k* N# q- P# R$ U6 |% I/ e
对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;
$ q. @$ k( R- \. j% b* c8 @
; k) R  U% U+ D" _. X) [对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;
+ {. m$ M5 n) ^* \
; m# {, Y" B0 `! I' I& W& A对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;8 Y3 R5 }! a2 q4 s! ~4 t! y0 y* ^
& V0 b, @% B9 n' t) s/ S" r- l
至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:
! e6 @9 }: K4 N, \' v8 E0 x6 D8 U
还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。5 d& o# A# ]$ Q8 l) j

* g$ p5 L" j  j% l' S有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。" \& y) A! i- _7 X

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2026-6-13 23:55 , Processed in 0.045356 second(s), 14 queries , Gzip On, MemCache On.

Copyright © 2001-2023, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表