AdvertCN - 广告中国

 找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
⚡️AdsPower:安全不封号,高效自动化Google FB TK游戏代投⚡️E.PN 虚拟卡⚡️BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!
比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理虚拟信用卡+独立站收款
全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值Facebook 批量上广告尤里改 - FB 稳定投放免费黑五教程(持续更新、欢迎交流)
FB 三不限源头 - 自助下户充值转款各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)⚡️TikTok企业户,bm户,账单户IPCola原生住宅IP⚡️$1.8/条双ISP
FB海外户、GG老户、TK加白老户PTM虚拟卡[全新卡BIN+高返点]FB虚拟卡⚡️消费越多返现越多最大欧洲Nutra网盟BA找量
FB个号1块一个TikTok2审户/老户/国内外端口/加白SX.ORG 高质量代理⚡235+ 地区GG,FB,TK, 欧美源头, 欢迎合作❤️
跨境债务催收/风险代理DataImpulse⚡️纯净住宅代理仅 $1FB企业户海外户,授信户,TK加白户广告位出租
8500万高质量住宅IP,助力各种需求虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构  
查看: 5844|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

Rank: 2

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑 / c7 S) K1 L4 F/ n3 n

: H; B* F1 K- Y9 j7 m* w4 M2 b, @转帖
- Z* h: I* u; e+ `: }5 [1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)

) n& m4 Y. g1 v/ |' O$ p* g- P7 k' Y( |+ d" b. d5 X
例如:
; I. C# j- f+ G4 W
1 V( ?- c1 c0 `/ r. C+ aMany people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)
  Q- p& t/ c0 {  r5 Q0 J7 W" M4 D8 w3 s' \  u1 d3 V- D$ l
Three hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。)
) C# A1 N7 s4 o7 r7 ?$ y1 N* S; r  d" I: k$ x6 `0 Y
This news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread)
$ X$ f6 T8 B7 }! e% J5 T' W& j$ J
4 k0 O& m, z- i# R: Q  hThe president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?)8 ?9 Y1 [& L: S+ m7 @: X0 S
1 |0 n6 O8 r5 u) d
I have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)
  _+ J$ J/ W4 ]; C$ q- F/ x% Z; S# f# ]* c5 R
Mr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor)
# W. ?, n# |+ Q7 ]% s$ _" O, P& z6 e6 V: }6 v8 i! C" n, H' ~5 @( k' S
We hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)
" R! Z0 s1 }# j* }. V( |2 |
* I1 ]  u" `+ c* x0 r- _The charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词)& E7 {* x' O( ~* g( N

8 \" t! p$ @; t9 aWe don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)
9 B. `, z: j7 P9 L3 K$ m1 i: i
, X2 u3 s; e# O7 gPlease act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?)
2 r/ v) T6 b0 [4 P8 C+ {& h- C
* `8 f: _$ Y8 S, B- [9 M7 F, U: p这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!/ c7 v  k2 D' J% H, T, F  z" N$ O
9 Z2 S+ [; L: k0 U+ T

4 L( C7 K( o0 [/ N6 @, r  i8 F2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。
+ r& S' V- ^! m9 \! |0 K
. `2 _+ r/ X5 z3 ]4 X/ ?* {$ X例如:! A+ y7 U. u6 j- u  u7 Y" t
- o$ v2 U% I" e' u* y1 q  x' k! ]9 N
At this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)
/ D4 v6 i4 `5 s4 E# Q0 q
+ n9 m' |2 V9 kDespite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though)
) g6 L3 O7 D& x2 n/ |9 I, p% I3 T
  N2 ]' x; _/ t/ YI am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)
# z# g* l/ o! U* h' x7 t& b6 \5 m2 M1 i& Q
He quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)2 L6 [. K+ e+ N" f

' S1 I( x, v' NIn the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)
( ?, j4 f: e) U: x9 W/ E- g: @, t1 d: M" s- H, K5 M- ?: g
She shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer)8 w9 |1 s# i( _% k

) f7 W& s) k. JI will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)
3 S0 j& T* s0 U: ?4 x2 d. J+ d8 ?1 u( C! A& v
如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:
6 }( b7 c& I3 ?, n& ^4 }/ Q7 `
( }  X1 z' V* {0 {* T3 A; j' dThe consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。)$ f' G: h4 @+ N) ?* n7 `
+ b/ C/ @8 j8 s3 e+ W: j. h9 h: ~' k
The letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.)8 }/ Z& O2 q9 ^' e

, ?. }+ t" [6 ]0 |/ aHe has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)! m: ]1 m+ C' _/ K% v
! n8 U3 a) l. F9 D- h1 ^
He has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味)
2 l. l4 V6 a7 U. [% b0 d7 g
  L" r; z3 D# IWe assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的)/ Z5 X) w) C& I" I4 F1 }- s
) D( S8 n9 v* d7 m2 R
Enclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收)
6 Z3 X' O' o" p' y; n
0 o4 \* `6 f' _: \  O写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)
3 H3 f- |, |6 G3 W! y. g; \: b9 A% b+ N8 p- B
此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。! K% n% h; |5 C' \. l: C( {) x; s

- t1 B8 \+ {+ A# p' D# ]& S9 ]2 w6 J9 J! `+ H
3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」
+ V& ^2 G: _/ W8 {
/ P8 p$ i4 F& i例如:) c$ L/ `4 u6 o6 e6 H

) u$ e) q6 Q# i& t' ?: qMankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数)
; j! @* D4 b* c, W0 x3 @% {* S. D3 t5 k; d4 I
Manpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources)! X# Y- O+ g0 O  b1 s: b" @' ^
/ o( V, e+ e. p  V; n. n
This small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)
- @6 h  j9 P! `8 j8 L
) k9 Y  G& f' P( }9 \' T: E, @He (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。)
7 N2 }* J6 x( g2 J6 g7 x' \; R
0 l% p" ]" P1 L$ p: O9 xMany businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。), j) _9 Q6 J# l8 H0 }- t
  K3 Z8 K  n  {
Policemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别)$ [* f; ]( o$ x2 M  G7 Z
* k; X$ a' o. }& e
Congressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives)
' m: L! Z) e& J" b
" a' [1 D. C( P9 FStewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)
3 u6 a* l& P, v& u/ ^" u! i# U6 a7 S' R9 V; z0 o$ L
同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。6 J7 N! I7 W  N) ^) Q
9 G$ A. R' p5 _4 ^7 X; o/ V2 E
当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:
. L* ^0 T3 o2 `; n( @
/ V; T) O5 z# o/ E8 z$ J- Y* u对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;# P* @; E+ P# @/ X
, a& J& m* G5 c0 n% O2 \2 U8 f0 A
对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;
: i: |& ^4 w: n1 \# r: A( C8 v2 @( f3 }4 Q2 s2 G8 |
对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;
3 m4 X" }% r" e% K8 z3 h$ Q
  P5 u- t# m2 J' q, N- H$ Y对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;
$ v3 L; [' R) O; A; X) T- O* F1 O" K5 t0 q' ^' U
至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:: f7 ?2 r4 F+ O8 T# `( L$ R

2 v  g6 |* X1 w5 I+ G. f" e还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。+ Q1 q% N! h4 D5 Q" W
3 h; f0 h+ p$ N/ B" K
有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。
; t  S! A6 r, l( Y

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2026-4-17 06:13 , Processed in 0.048195 second(s), 17 queries , Gzip On, MemCache On.

Copyright © 2001-2023, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表