找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
Google FB TK游戏代投⚡️E.PN 虚拟卡⚡️BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具
ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理虚拟信用卡+独立站收款全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值
Facebook 批量上广告尤里改 - FB 稳定投放免费黑五教程(持续更新、欢迎交流)FB 三不限源头 - 自助下户充值转款
各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)IPCola原生住宅IP⚡️$1.8/条双ISPFB资源,账单户,分享户,国内一手TK加白户/二解户/FB海外户/GG老户
海外CL企业户源头最大欧洲Nutra网盟BA找量 FB高权重耐操个号⚡️稳定过审GG,FB,TK, 欧美源头, 欢迎合作❤️
FB企业户海外户,授信户,TK加白户联盟收款/海外资金下发/服贸结汇域名防红⚠斗篷工具/可试用3天⚡️Spend.net — 美元卡仅需$0⚡️
比特浏览器+云手机 |防关联防封号Facebook截流, 1 次点击 2 次曝光广告位出租8500万高质量住宅IP,助力各种需求
虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构   
查看: 6601|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
Deepclick
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑
/ S  z) Y" \! F% H& y7 ^- r! x8 f( u/ H7 f
转帖
4 D2 @9 \* O( \9 r5 u. h& K  `1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)

* S! U$ Q9 r! c# m, p' c* s: Y
' a5 P! N* @$ n; H% }- t7 i: }例如:7 q8 U2 t7 k- R, f: N+ K. h( l

, n2 }, o* ?: aMany people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)
+ {7 b7 W  l1 y/ Y( r, J& ^
& e& `) Z/ v8 J0 }) c! CThree hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。)
( t4 a$ X2 w2 N# l* K+ c5 T$ Q/ ~- k% r/ \6 g5 t& m% e
This news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread)
' K" _6 z. _/ W; H
8 Q: h, R, Z0 ]3 a% B  nThe president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?)
4 }9 G3 F* q: d! w+ e% [2 l" `( M5 a6 ^4 b
I have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)
. B/ ?' P6 n( `9 a8 k$ _6 G" u5 h* b6 Z$ V7 \
Mr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor)& ^$ u7 G  g- S- `
9 ]* o: G; V, [& o; k# f+ L
We hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)  W3 J7 h  U/ b
* @& }" f! ]+ r) x/ M3 V
The charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词)( q5 T# _9 V0 ?; {/ Y+ \7 u/ |) x
% w& I5 c2 `; I
We don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)& a, n' l: Q/ E, E6 J( q* K+ b( c

$ R6 W/ n. A# p: IPlease act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?)
- W) b) \; Z. R& V
0 B: ?, X* X: }+ Y/ Y这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!
! ]5 B7 @2 Y; B/ Z5 U/ c6 r! w$ V- ~4 {) Z
4 d- U# f3 K/ R2 L( a8 z6 a; N/ L/ y, {! q
2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。
% o+ \& @' L1 @! N" Q7 h% l
) |( K* e4 x' Y# ?例如:0 S2 w, |2 |# `' X6 \
) H0 j- Z; A$ f
At this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)
7 E4 C$ Q2 S" V: [3 a) c
+ s; a3 u/ r! G2 K' jDespite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though)6 I: d! o& H3 U# L" O/ z5 N8 w
' l8 v5 d. {9 H9 |0 y& w* Q8 K& o
I am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)
' {: W" h; G, \, x$ y1 I  p) f7 _4 e, {/ ^2 P1 k
He quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)
! s# ^3 l8 B6 ?3 u9 Y
0 s; w2 `: s4 b* h" B5 o' yIn the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)% W: c9 _5 i. I! g* n2 a& e; G
# [0 x$ p+ K; A- N, r# I
She shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer)
" a+ `" G. b) k& G4 {) K/ k& s5 P! `6 Z) H% H
I will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)* W/ ~0 a1 M3 X0 s% n, ?( q  Q$ I
0 Y1 @6 [' q3 N$ m% F. a3 }
如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:1 x: _* i! E) u

) }, t- L6 D. X% U5 [6 hThe consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。)
% J5 H1 Y8 E+ [8 i7 Q- v) K# w8 y
. E6 }: p5 U; ^& F0 zThe letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.)/ A, p  F0 M1 C/ G- B
6 K- |8 L0 y6 y; D6 v* P$ T
He has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。). t0 n2 M$ M* ?

: a7 G9 v; q" [: JHe has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味)
- T! J( e: A2 r; `! N3 C
% n- H9 W: K  ?We assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的)7 x4 e+ V. ?4 |9 G
9 b' F. C: y# S6 t- n' _4 S
Enclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收)
# L  P; _$ }1 i& z9 _: C# x6 X% n4 X
写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)/ ^1 ^, l$ I# i5 H* Q
; s2 ~$ a* D* D2 O  q$ M# u
此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。  |  ^4 b( Z6 r0 M

+ ~- Q1 W/ T$ g5 @9 G
2 m8 F# R. V5 \. k% X6 S3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」; g: N9 k& B0 z+ D! G% u; X
1 }  X( X1 c* H" I/ ?
例如:( X+ p( e8 A) g: b  u' {3 w8 D

% V$ H* ~$ Q+ f4 T6 OMankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数)
2 `/ i8 w9 w! R) |+ J, q6 v* H; |. U% W  y+ G& G! h
Manpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources)0 M7 ~( k9 W$ ~  X1 {' o) D

9 T. t! j0 Q3 T: \1 h/ eThis small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)! ~' \" c, e, {

& V' F3 J5 K, Q% ?" b) {. Q2 {He (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。)9 ]: A2 v( r" {! o4 i+ }- M, ]

# T1 _9 l8 e( U, Y. ^) IMany businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。)% r% P8 X2 l3 D6 v# [3 h. p

% W8 m, ^1 Q, q  x9 S8 s2 r; JPolicemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别)9 t8 B+ ~9 X; n- u4 d
3 x% c# h% g1 A! D) ]0 k1 Q
Congressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives)
! U1 F& l( N# K/ u, ?  X5 j" ]
, E/ g5 U# t) @3 K3 W* qStewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)
: S& I' z9 b9 H! D' t  {) h( L' q  D" \% m% A6 x$ ^1 ^
同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。
  z% w7 f% U3 x/ x  R
! i: F; V/ y5 l- T* W7 R2 q) @+ f; v当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:
( O5 @( I6 b" c0 ^+ Z- p' h5 l
: d: @) l1 B& |4 U! M- f0 E9 ]- \对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;
' N0 M5 b+ y3 O. v: R
6 z4 ]" B& N" m1 Z0 D1 Y, Q! B对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;: _  w" w; Z  T
2 z& D3 k6 k/ z1 [% G
对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;
9 w) P: k) v' F6 B4 `& V7 n- ?4 z$ O8 r: l3 J, G% b& n. y: L
对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;
! I( N6 a9 h0 e/ v
8 v: z0 ^4 W: V( x9 d9 L至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:
- R) p  X. O7 m6 e4 q% C" |
5 B! e1 d& ^  V还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。
, k3 Z2 F& Q0 O: W- _1 |
. |7 V) @$ W  B% s% K* n有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。
( `2 ?9 B" V& D! u8 |

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2026-7-24 01:19 , Processed in 0.063204 second(s), 23 queries , Gzip On.

Copyright © 2001-2026, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表