AdvertCN - 广告中国

 找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
⚡️AdsPower:安全不封号,高效自动化Google FB TK游戏代投⚡️E.PN 虚拟卡⚡️BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!
比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理虚拟信用卡+独立站收款
全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值Facebook 批量上广告尤里改 - FB 稳定投放免费黑五教程(持续更新、欢迎交流)
FB 三不限源头 - 自助下户充值转款各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)IPCola原生住宅IP⚡️$1.8/条双ISPFB资源,账单户,分享户,国内一手
FB海外户、GG老户、TK加白老户海外CL企业户源头FB虚拟卡⚡️消费越多返现越多最大欧洲Nutra网盟BA找量
FB广告Spy工具⚡免费试用✅ FB个号1块一个TikTok2审户/老户/国内外端口/加白GG,FB,TK, 欧美源头, 欢迎合作❤️
FB企业户海外户,授信户,TK加白户联盟收款/海外资金下发/服贸结汇域名防红⚠斗篷工具/可试用3天广告位出租
8500万高质量住宅IP,助力各种需求虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构  
查看: 6117|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

Rank: 2

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑 & t: p7 U: w9 X

5 F8 z! W& A- U2 T6 v# A  }  \2 R转帖" w: n- x+ Y9 Q
1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)
* Y' N1 L! {0 Q* d

/ I+ j8 X8 g" Y% _$ Z- d% k例如:
/ j+ [0 T4 \0 e. x8 ^
9 D+ N# e% v# Z7 D8 xMany people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)3 l1 E, M( a, J0 |- U

  b6 T8 ]% ]6 R. r% @6 FThree hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。); G9 h# q# Y4 S

8 ?2 P3 ]" w' w$ t/ |$ w/ b) \9 ?2 YThis news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread)8 S+ P/ C! }& H- G1 M
: J2 q$ o* O% F: Y0 u' }
The president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?)8 ~/ W) S* M. D3 q0 ]3 M* k6 Y

1 y2 d- M" |7 d9 Z0 x: }) z( tI have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)- s/ Q& y' n, @. E' |

! ^7 F4 F6 T6 L6 PMr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor)/ F" v; H, Z, \7 I- o- S
( r, A9 [8 }0 n$ _1 M3 _+ U
We hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)' s& U7 _1 `, W  U( ?0 h
, K& d. O6 ^5 l; q" G4 s
The charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词)  l0 r7 j0 O' }: q' A0 Z
  c# R$ ?4 V4 P
We don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)& x, P- n8 K* N+ X: r& c. ?

. v. D. B$ i; ^4 OPlease act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?)
  s, \' r- x: O: V; b; D, J  B7 S/ a8 a% N
这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!8 u/ e7 d) [# h; J

  {; q- d. x; ^* H1 y( A( j6 r% r: T  F5 V6 P3 [% @, k' k7 W
2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。% G& X% {% x0 m3 I, }

# e& L4 a. }5 o7 p: Q例如:
6 C4 O4 X( l- G  [) ?9 D1 O+ S* Z  o9 s( R
At this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)! @2 |6 Z7 U6 V* U5 V0 H8 u
+ U% y& h- H4 k. h% F/ Y6 g4 _
Despite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though)5 k' d* ^4 v" \, n! J5 b$ e8 E
0 E2 w* C1 m5 |* l
I am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)
+ e, o/ K" M/ o7 w5 L: C% P
; ?' ], O0 V& |9 n8 \* AHe quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)" K9 w; x1 e, |+ _& F# Z" D

+ p+ r* ^. S. O: y$ SIn the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)4 C7 W7 s' w0 d
! g" s; \% ~( S, s) ]$ u& I! [
She shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer)/ F+ |: K+ y. S( G0 u$ o6 _

; N* j0 D6 X$ f, b2 {" `I will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)  M1 a9 G* I& R- [- [' @8 B$ E

, G( _  B% `! K5 y0 l( B7 o如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:
7 F" ~, V* A1 e7 j. v
$ R+ B2 L6 I6 N- `! {6 c0 ~The consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。)/ z0 C4 a% \' ^( Q1 S* [  v) j/ L

' A6 X; R8 L) N, y1 F% k4 c' DThe letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.)
+ d* `8 i1 c9 Y; z& P. E7 O4 O) x9 Z  v, |
He has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)
4 \' b# _4 H, Q1 q; E! V0 ?8 Q; D; O1 l% B/ G+ y; B. i& B
He has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味)
5 ^9 Z( r7 V& F4 R# g+ p* K" _" p
7 `' U! U% K0 d( ?( j- K7 vWe assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的)
3 `3 @4 W% p& p
+ h" t, g6 }3 pEnclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收)
' q( m! I/ x5 |, h8 ]- O. @
- P; p# G& J$ Q1 b0 _. h写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)
- C; J3 f$ ?) {5 p
3 V. U8 N5 r2 d+ r5 F! z$ z此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。
' R3 d9 f. H9 i% \
& S* {- I! u3 w8 K" d2 X
; y% b& `: D0 }  |( Q, Y1 y+ u0 p1 \3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」7 _! {! `4 r8 O, t5 k7 V/ E

# R; t: z- {4 [9 i: q4 o5 l$ X例如:
  ^" x- r* D8 o% d0 D: }8 a
6 R" J6 |* r! f8 G1 @* oMankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数)* I; t; {) s  ]

  o8 r$ b* G/ j) P& E2 v& gManpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources)$ r8 o+ l; A+ Y" a$ t, @: r; T5 b

) g, z1 t' D8 wThis small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)) W( Q1 ?" e; D

: I% c/ s# J* L5 {4 ZHe (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。)
! I: e) a9 w7 w2 n+ O
- E$ [' Y6 ]2 E! |% W5 kMany businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。)
8 G: _% J3 _' A5 F( k0 J% g+ n2 w' A. f% U  s  H, c
Policemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别)6 ~7 D2 T6 a1 q: k% E6 q3 ^
: q. W& E/ f& t' A4 q
Congressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives), K2 E' s; N* \1 K, |9 O6 n" M8 l$ R

4 ~/ N/ X* N# M! e) MStewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)
8 ^1 n, h6 u6 W7 u" r  M. G+ ]; X* C" T) z! i% w+ `7 }
同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。
& r. F, D  F1 `) p: B
- ^+ h. ]/ _6 B/ C8 W1 r" ]当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:/ E: K9 _$ t. @, O' [1 O

7 Q* s6 P4 G) S6 P# q2 l对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;
: Y# P8 n1 m- l# t. a+ t' b. t
& r  n' a; c1 C* a+ j对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;
1 T$ K# d- b) J; a
- O7 A3 S6 }& {* u0 I3 k对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;
, J' M2 j2 u: Q5 w6 t! i7 }% B! a% B0 T3 q3 m' E
对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;
2 q! F  V% F* W4 e  S0 z) u& U# v3 P3 q; ^' p1 S  @& B
至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:
6 w! A5 L) I0 o5 k6 H3 D! ~# Q2 l! j, U; s) i' Y. {8 g
还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。
9 o, K. K) ~( w
( y& }2 s( }# J% o+ L& n有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。
% E1 m3 r* |5 \( }! W; }7 I. M

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2026-5-24 22:42 , Processed in 0.047147 second(s), 15 queries , Gzip On, MemCache On.

Copyright © 2001-2023, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表