找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
Google FB TK游戏代投⚡️E.PN 虚拟卡⚡️BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具
ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理虚拟信用卡+独立站收款全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值
Facebook 批量上广告尤里改 - FB 稳定投放免费黑五教程(持续更新、欢迎交流)FB 三不限源头 - 自助下户充值转款
各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)IPCola原生住宅IP⚡️$1.8/条双ISPTK加白户/二解户/FB海外户/GG老户海外CL企业户源头
最大欧洲Nutra网盟BA找量 FB高权重耐操个号⚡️稳定过审GG,FB,TK, 欧美源头, 欢迎合作❤️FB企业户海外户,授信户,TK加白户
联盟收款/海外资金下发/服贸结汇✔Taboola海外户9千万住宅IP-低至$0.3/gb✅静态$4/ip广告位出租
虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构   
查看: 6977|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑 8 P/ P. \3 o- t8 ~0 ]- F) u0 M
; y$ h5 U7 C2 ^9 |. j
转帖
! e$ f$ \; `( S3 F1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)

: J/ f1 l' V1 T, `, t: o4 Y
' q$ V' v% E$ V9 g# c4 Y例如:9 Q  h" z( T, c& H+ {! M# |, H
; f9 _& n8 ]+ z' D8 j7 O! f" B
Many people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)
& K2 m$ P+ j- e6 H7 }) G5 r* ?
( b& `* @+ Q0 g4 |1 Z  d, ZThree hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。)
. n& ?, k6 s; _' [  q+ `+ V% T4 Q* a3 u1 C0 t
This news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread)
. q' r, |5 n1 ?) Z% Z. h! P& q  x; J& n
The president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?)
9 v5 Y0 [; O7 [1 h8 y! M' K8 u
I have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)% Y# |2 G5 P" f) P- O0 f% x

: b' R+ ]7 K6 t; t% M6 OMr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor), |, |  a) R6 x1 E) l. }
' \$ w7 k9 S; x: Q3 v' }
We hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)
8 ]. i/ D8 Z; ]6 s) s* a1 @. f* J- l9 V* k( |/ C$ o
The charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词)
0 `1 S) l8 \+ P; J! Q1 [
0 |; R( m. {2 @! t. tWe don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)8 W& v. B' H1 V7 Y  @) v" r

& Y" }$ g4 O7 i7 S; nPlease act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?)0 C* d5 O6 F2 Y7 Z( ]# l

2 F% m0 j6 u0 K) e0 P* e这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!+ h# I) t6 q2 O' b6 G
: x" w4 a2 {8 Y& P

% S9 ^2 q1 ?9 h( L1 ]7 I; u2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。4 m' u3 f1 `. @; R+ o& u# S

/ I2 t! w& i9 s5 u例如:. F. o% ]+ A) R
# z/ k( o  h$ M5 ?
At this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now): L1 N& B: C# O9 @7 F( o. R

0 R& l0 \4 k; X% C7 V, Z4 cDespite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though)
  Q4 V- _/ M1 M  |; K) [9 W) @) Z! V' _7 K8 H
I am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)) _5 N/ X* _$ U4 n1 o* ?# Q" i

9 r! Y+ _3 c( g+ a8 D! X% l* r6 kHe quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)
3 b" Q3 P! s6 U+ O& @( ~6 L5 `
% E" A: U2 l& f2 g1 @In the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)+ Y/ r1 q7 a8 W+ E; J) l
5 z+ Y- W6 z  E1 i1 H( V3 Q
She shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer)
' L0 @* r; ^7 C2 j0 `
+ V! o4 b; I; ]0 b2 W- c6 J4 DI will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)
4 d& l! b; W( F# ~6 M: ?1 ]# z
# ^3 |* K; ^" Y; @如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:; l/ M; J0 R4 b3 a- T

# j! h' |1 E& \' \The consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。); `# [( e! y- r
2 y/ L/ m  m/ h; N* _' a
The letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.)' n, f! L7 }3 ^& w# i

# C7 g6 [% C& x" jHe has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)
% @; y/ N0 H$ \, k$ P2 U- c
1 `9 ~( X! x2 n2 \  c: kHe has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味)
) W! R( b' h/ p3 y( d$ f: A9 f5 b* t. q; n2 x* ^6 ?! B$ O6 z
We assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的)
& W6 K7 i. N1 d6 R0 ^! {- T' J- Z* E3 ]1 C6 c7 D) j: l
Enclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收)/ Y6 {7 F! x$ r. u6 Z, r

. L# N% ^2 Y$ q& N' g写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)
, W& ?+ I6 h) }' ]/ E
: l  d/ |5 T, q( [4 n. x/ @此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。0 h: G: L: j3 i! H. _

4 {% V% y& `5 e# J
& x9 T1 M/ _9 ~' F- ]+ ~. G3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」
7 O. _4 ~% h4 f  k& _! E; B* I$ K' T% w, |
例如:
" i; c6 b6 n, t& n
; _! t! E! W- g* MMankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数)
2 Y  c' t- Q' I+ p* Z& c6 E4 W2 E# Z3 U% q; |& g
Manpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources)
) ?' Q* E8 k9 H. c7 l$ [) n1 {' U* [6 `% R
This small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)
! ]3 E% q" r5 \/ }) U2 m1 K, g, h0 Q0 w+ S; r, V9 F( V, q
He (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。)
0 K+ y( {' U" {$ z' S8 n7 u' a
9 L  V3 i* h: e( ^+ R. Q9 }5 G$ eMany businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。)
7 Z+ y: w& H9 }5 w1 w) t! \
9 u5 }- y. d' D* a" C1 wPolicemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别)
. }  M( F; B( f2 ?1 `# A* j, M
# O. G9 Z6 ~7 _$ {' |Congressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives)
  C- o! i, W8 c. a$ n, B& V7 b) x; I1 v! D2 f
Stewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)
+ h: ~: G( \& o( F6 S* c5 W9 i" P3 m( R) o2 v$ _& @% T& |& U
同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。
7 R/ `- y' C# c+ W: C
  T# J, E! ]' G2 t! ]! g8 e当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:
2 ]: y2 k3 T+ N, G5 b8 B6 S% K. i! c% Y5 E
对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;3 F; v% z; n& V; `

( I2 b3 T  c' u" z对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;
& e" L0 y& z4 V4 f( \$ e  m+ F5 \. C4 C( ?1 b
对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;
6 b" Z3 Y/ r& ~
' @5 ?& Y8 Z' P; N对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;7 {( Q' V: ~% I) T6 d8 p" p
2 ^5 P8 q3 R& O( D
至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:* ~7 ]. P3 }% `0 ?& W4 e

# k) R- l5 P  B$ ?: r: J还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。
. z, F6 H5 a( }$ r' U/ {' V
4 b+ S- X# r8 r4 H有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。
; ?0 k3 \0 d: v' m

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2026-9-8 08:04 , Processed in 0.059612 second(s), 23 queries , Gzip On.

Copyright © 2001-2026, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表