找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
Google FB TK游戏代投⚡️E.PN 虚拟卡⚡️BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具
ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理虚拟信用卡+独立站收款全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值
Facebook 批量上广告尤里改 - FB 稳定投放免费黑五教程(持续更新、欢迎交流)FB 三不限源头 - 自助下户充值转款
各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)IPCola原生住宅IP⚡️$1.8/条双ISPFB资源,账单户,分享户,国内一手TK加白户/二解户/FB海外户/GG老户
最大欧洲Nutra网盟BA找量 FB高权重耐操个号⚡️稳定过审GG,FB,TK, 欧美源头, 欢迎合作❤️FB企业户海外户,授信户,TK加白户
联盟收款/海外资金下发/服贸结汇⚡️Spend.net — 美元卡仅需$0⚡️✔Taboola海外户广告位出租
虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构   
查看: 6818|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑
6 @4 n# O$ q! e$ ]3 H+ D- V8 Q, w1 d  Q
转帖; m$ C9 S  K4 }# ^8 R9 P2 E9 Q
1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)
7 F! }6 M  u2 u2 j+ P; c

' D$ M; j$ [1 b2 G" A例如:) f5 R; @8 k4 {0 Q
5 s5 A" o! l3 x0 b" S
Many people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)
! p) G0 z$ {2 s- h9 E4 _7 m6 W% s8 A: b3 _. s
Three hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。)
5 A9 ?: |( [! \- ~! S
: U* Y0 ~& t8 \5 C  u1 `1 gThis news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread)
/ l2 ~% y% _  m6 k9 X% S8 }# P) p! N9 B$ v
The president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?)! W! i" y1 D* f+ K% }  q0 {
: K) u. H/ I# O! F* U
I have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)
/ i6 V5 l" Q0 E, a6 S0 B9 U
' \# Z# D1 a: _! e5 yMr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor)
# u9 V2 h+ T0 d/ c, b$ C3 j: V4 d5 m# g6 X4 u/ q6 h) D( x: Q
We hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)/ l" {7 g: o' j; D0 ^7 `8 v4 ~# \
" I% _9 ]' P3 ^2 Z+ t' d
The charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词)- A: Q& o/ k8 Z, o# O1 Z) r
+ T% P; F9 N, |8 p5 Y' E- x! o
We don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。). t8 m9 q1 D6 k3 q$ |3 h+ }2 W

6 ^/ V( T0 i4 ~. y  \3 X6 ~Please act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?)
1 N3 c8 M3 l/ l; e0 X- E7 k
! v% E3 T4 q: D# {- k& I) O* t- j这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!
! H9 [/ G. W) _" r; T2 Y) Y' o, `7 |* y1 M8 R0 p

# Z8 p+ k5 `; O6 J2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。
1 l1 o- m8 T8 r6 J. g" a+ V
  ]8 K' B3 h, U; c+ ?例如:
& ^$ B. n1 D7 F5 ?; Z8 K) v. g9 E5 o6 k1 f: d
At this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)
$ q: s( a1 Z. p1 i9 L1 x" d" ^+ `- B# M& t3 m* ~  t: @
Despite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though)
+ h6 A4 k% P9 l1 L8 X; `1 E, E& H% u7 V
I am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)
# K8 [% s4 C& T0 m3 g
7 q* G# H$ g: q# K1 WHe quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)
$ a- \& t" T& H6 t# j) Z8 _8 g- l+ V
9 z' }: U4 v% V1 SIn the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)
! G+ R$ M- U. H' m0 o  L+ @: d' b; K! C( E3 x) y+ r
She shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer)
  u6 v( X; ]  o5 g* a- D0 J8 |  n3 K: u
I will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)
1 f$ P% D6 o  ]6 ^" w, j$ H) a1 u8 P) q5 l3 N1 l# z2 T
如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:9 z( C0 A# Z* R  b4 |% l3 {, V" l

. w, R1 v+ B/ `1 K/ Y' W+ _The consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。)& ~7 N& f$ W; x& `- O

  N8 R8 K- T" W. w3 XThe letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.)
0 ~6 o$ B1 ~' P& }, v# T
% G* {6 F9 \1 |/ C. ]1 PHe has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)
8 H6 S/ ?+ z/ ^6 O% N. w
3 M/ r- M: C! F1 THe has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味); r; ]  h2 D1 H# C, I& @

5 _7 j, ?* @+ m% BWe assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的)8 E; z' ]% ~2 H. x( l4 m3 C+ a

7 J4 m) Z; I' H& L4 z/ l% B- {Enclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收). P( w8 w% V, V  m: A1 O4 b, z$ E

; a) k. w6 x: u+ G写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)* N- y2 J2 ]; L* D8 c' O8 [& v1 d
  o. S+ w  Z1 X/ b+ t
此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。
9 y+ }8 Y# o6 A* F! d  H3 V5 n' d/ K7 |: [: M" Y: r: Q& H" O

0 C- g) F' F9 T( x/ F/ Y/ A- l2 I3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」7 H( y: o- O7 V
$ P5 O3 U7 h) ]" r5 X
例如:2 A2 x8 A) b4 y: I/ D
5 O" s! `4 S* Z0 b( i
Mankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数)
, P- l; a, F& ~/ E4 D' [. P
) i( y: ^2 A6 r, U! I- eManpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources)' h8 c$ ^- F. ^; K4 ?
. \- z( S& D2 U+ S2 p4 _
This small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)
" s5 ~! |/ J5 l7 d$ X1 U& ]- D4 l
( \9 U" q+ Z/ Z( s  E2 g7 f( tHe (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。)
0 N/ ~! [, W+ P( H6 v) L8 x2 T' s% r3 k. Q5 X* t  `
Many businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。)
6 ?" M1 N# B) n0 @) q! [2 t
! j, a1 Q1 v4 G" v- v" ]Policemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别), }2 H; F6 P) q$ G3 W6 K9 U7 A
6 f* k$ V( z: G3 o2 x
Congressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives)
. ^$ l$ Q" m6 n  h  [
; S" ^/ R0 g9 F9 l& V6 UStewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)" f& |& C! @! h. |
: J5 |) u# b0 H* |7 y3 |. E
同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。0 J* M0 `6 I/ \  }
" b. Y8 V/ j% ?/ U$ h1 G
当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:: ]; v1 @* g" G$ u4 h. e4 }

) s+ S" A6 l( q5 G0 ~对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;
6 ~9 B; _# A% B3 q' ^2 x
1 l1 ^6 z2 @1 X% L8 G9 a对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;# ^  o2 i' Q: j
: n' Q' c& J0 n! W4 {
对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;
. y$ ~$ e& ~) x1 O4 h2 B- i2 U/ B3 E, ^$ t+ ^& m
对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;
5 B( A. v) [& h; `7 S0 v
; y  C) V1 [' A! V至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:7 O% i  x5 h* D3 `
  E( z8 q: H& l8 m; D' {5 e: u  z1 N
还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。
/ \9 \1 k# x$ Q: g# |0 F; B5 ]
- P# t+ r2 q- e* U2 [: E  a4 N有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。
& ~- B4 z3 |: q$ f3 {; o

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2026-8-21 01:09 , Processed in 0.061577 second(s), 23 queries , Gzip On.

Copyright © 2001-2026, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表