找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
Google FB TK游戏代投⚡️E.PN 虚拟卡⚡️BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具
ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理虚拟信用卡+独立站收款全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值
Facebook 批量上广告尤里改 - FB 稳定投放免费黑五教程(持续更新、欢迎交流)FB 三不限源头 - 自助下户充值转款
各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)IPCola原生住宅IP⚡️$1.8/条双ISPTK加白户/二解户/FB海外户/GG老户海外CL企业户源头
最大欧洲Nutra网盟BA找量 FB高权重耐操个号⚡️稳定过审GG,FB,TK, 欧美源头, 欢迎合作❤️FB企业户海外户,授信户,TK加白户
联盟收款/海外资金下发/服贸结汇✔Taboola海外户9千万住宅IP-低至$0.3/gb✅静态$4/ip广告位出租
虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构   
查看: 6984|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑
# Y6 u+ E9 v( k% }4 Y" M) _! ~& C+ G3 a1 Y; P- }* _" o
转帖
; t, j* t0 N" r. r3 z1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)
$ ]6 z. g/ ~* N# |# e
; h+ T8 e1 P3 Y% \4 ?+ a2 Q+ {
例如:
( t( ^- I  O6 m- F8 T" M* L0 J6 l5 b/ w& Q) L7 W
Many people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)* @1 S5 s8 I" T& D: j9 |+ F, q

, H8 @) o$ y6 |9 \Three hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。)6 l# B; b' y" u

7 G9 n- X/ ^+ f1 j8 d/ ^+ fThis news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread)& M5 K/ G0 D: ]% M8 W
( P' f0 Z7 x: R7 y; L4 m
The president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?)4 a! f- z" z! ?; Q4 W# N# q

8 U3 Q6 ^% z) y6 ?5 DI have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)
1 T1 V2 Y: O2 ~$ }7 n% s4 Y3 v( u2 ]' J. Z/ j. x2 a/ R* w9 C
Mr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor)
3 k: }$ G. ?: H# ?  y( E  o! @+ O3 B& Z  K  t$ J
We hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)) P8 U, x1 R+ I! Z& J, {
7 ?( b/ p  Y* G2 X3 W+ j' H
The charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词); ~2 H$ d- E# ?' D9 [' g3 R5 }
" Y. a6 a( M3 B0 b
We don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)
) F2 t$ h4 q1 u1 X! K  C) V5 d& ?1 }$ y, ]9 }  H
Please act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?)! l6 B; q2 X4 V- r9 x

, d. q8 d' z. o1 j2 B+ s这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!# a3 Z  p  E' k. ?3 r6 p8 `
& ?* R( r, R' q% S" a

5 n* v# I/ i1 e) A2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。7 g: J1 w. @6 S* ^4 L+ D
% `0 D- q/ Z6 V3 C* H/ A# M
例如:+ Q, ^5 B5 f+ ^9 F1 G( \3 q

/ e$ [) ]" r4 x+ AAt this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)8 g0 S6 }1 g( [: ~

, o9 X: t" F" v6 kDespite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though)( t+ r6 G/ f1 L" c

) T6 \3 Z9 i. K% Z; eI am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)! W3 E6 ^' Q+ R; H4 t7 u: y/ q
) e/ m3 `3 C, T6 ^9 X. u( c
He quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)( y! @: S. U2 \2 }0 d

) s) I7 t4 Y$ z! l$ ?In the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)! ^) v( B5 @. w  z

1 M. T$ e- e( a0 M/ E* p% M9 yShe shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer)
; O) ~$ p( z2 e2 `6 \4 D8 C
0 k8 |: y3 C5 w, p9 i% q2 ?6 gI will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)
1 h) ?% e, g# `" w) ?6 x* _
$ \! m" g* p* ]5 b6 z如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:
  `6 q1 h3 {2 [+ E0 ?/ p
  r+ X6 I  _1 v+ ~The consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。)
& `6 A- Z8 t" T" e9 [$ d7 _1 o# o. b' N" U! w
The letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.)
- n7 q' K1 E# X; Q4 i/ u, k2 n  z1 T4 @/ p. G
He has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)/ G( [/ n3 A) _9 Y

6 p% U7 }7 J! jHe has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味)
4 L( g# P/ V/ M/ I5 ^; [6 h) ]! y  s( K0 G& Y6 R, ?) v
We assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的)1 N0 o7 ~5 q' T; t5 R

9 ^5 b0 E/ ?9 pEnclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收)
, R. v# {, d7 p" y2 b( p# w
: K5 U+ N& C* y$ U2 }3 I. I2 }写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)
/ N2 n% @; ^2 e3 j' {. B1 z* v
* b5 a7 ?/ j* D5 l7 C! y( D- s) S此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。0 w! u: U5 S  \! p* L2 H! O

4 U2 K9 I/ `& ]9 T+ L- G
& V7 ~. d' k, M8 r3 n3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」: Q/ f$ L; O/ ]8 P
; Q; N/ _0 X6 Y( }
例如:4 }& @& E& ^" U4 Y9 l# w

: p" z9 H) T  tMankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数)
) Y$ H# Y9 |, u$ Z* b, Q$ t: n9 a  D( U, Y3 @& a5 o
Manpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources)) ]  Q: h% |3 |1 z5 W0 _# q- ^. o! y
5 R2 W/ x. O$ i1 I
This small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)0 B9 U( C( i& f  i
0 B: j$ ?- @. S
He (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。)! I& W. Y# l& y8 z1 B
0 E8 Q7 C1 A3 K. A
Many businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。)
7 A" v1 L! Z5 u5 A. d/ ~( C- [- n% o! T( g/ v) o) @; @( e
Policemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别)
, @. J; N  }7 j- B6 B) w2 G6 _5 a; m/ a$ `( w* \8 {
Congressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives)- P* p  e" |! N" o
0 A# k2 J4 P: _- U+ ]' x7 E' p; t1 y
Stewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)  ?: j" J/ d# v/ X7 i
; ?# G; K$ E- u, D1 R1 b5 `* ?, P
同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。9 F- b7 S, b  m3 T* N/ B% z
9 X3 N) U: \7 y  g1 u+ }/ {# `% W
当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:! w. F! ~- t" P* l3 A
$ x0 Y2 v. ^" s1 ?0 N
对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;
/ h0 Q3 T. A8 B4 E' c$ o0 I5 {8 P3 ~3 E
& ]8 e; ]9 r0 u对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;, v5 W) o1 N8 W5 e: y. l5 `
% t1 c# E) \- E/ H3 ]
对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;/ I6 t5 w- g6 H7 k. o; `
2 H* ?$ ~, }7 Z3 I' b$ D
对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;
0 y, V- Z$ I3 ]8 Z' F
7 T9 {! N2 J5 T3 w6 J2 A至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:
. G% t$ H3 C. U2 h' \0 a
; ~! I: B3 I4 Y% t5 c还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。
8 o5 o$ U) a+ L! w3 x; l
9 _; ~. h5 j/ y有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。
/ x2 R. s! y! _! G! K7 P

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2026-9-9 09:45 , Processed in 0.066404 second(s), 23 queries , Gzip On.

Copyright © 2001-2026, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表