找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
Google FB TK游戏代投⚡️E.PN 虚拟卡⚡️BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具
ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理虚拟信用卡+独立站收款全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值
Facebook 批量上广告尤里改 - FB 稳定投放免费黑五教程(持续更新、欢迎交流)FB 三不限源头 - 自助下户充值转款
各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)IPCola原生住宅IP⚡️$1.8/条双ISPFB资源,账单户,分享户,国内一手TK加白户/二解户/FB海外户/GG老户
海外CL企业户源头最大欧洲Nutra网盟BA找量 FB高权重耐操个号⚡️稳定过审GG,FB,TK, 欧美源头, 欢迎合作❤️
FB企业户海外户,授信户,TK加白户联盟收款/海外资金下发/服贸结汇⚡️Spend.net — 美元卡仅需$0⚡️✔Taboola海外户
广告位出租8500万高质量住宅IP,助力各种需求虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构 
查看: 6742|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑
- q& E. ~" G1 W& q5 f, }. }7 f
$ V9 Q$ P/ o/ L转帖
' M( K1 S2 K  |, J1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)

- g7 }* [8 C; w1 I1 Y
7 a% O8 Q( c+ z" Y; l& p/ _& u例如:  I- v. l  \' @  ?

# w& J  {8 t. B8 R/ WMany people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)
8 `/ u5 W1 e  a  a( I# X' O1 U5 J( \* [% {+ T( @. j
Three hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。)- ]9 M# R) |- R8 [1 {1 i0 v/ i

" r' {5 l. j+ R  E4 kThis news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread): H# T) t. `) f9 |+ I% L, h1 g
$ @( w) J6 X" E6 D1 A
The president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?)% g7 K/ v7 K7 j6 @/ {3 D& N

; m, \; M  q* E6 q7 ^6 h; o5 XI have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)
: }0 z0 U0 f2 e& `8 |
8 @: ?! y' Y8 T2 ~- J0 k& m! _Mr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor)" ?8 u+ z9 ^0 K. f# {) m

, k0 ~! h+ X" Z5 O1 P2 J1 w& P! qWe hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)
/ c4 j$ B* a4 M5 s2 h% ?- \4 p
) n. v1 Z4 h7 HThe charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词)1 U& Y6 M  \0 k- @: N

+ I/ }- @: g! SWe don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)) K1 [9 o# q- v" a

; R% n# w2 p2 d+ D! M' j# ePlease act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?)7 r  x: v* n0 c) a* s
1 i. _- Q) |. c( t. u! e% }4 x
这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!5 F4 e( G0 q  B: w9 |$ ]. R
) C1 j/ |0 P# g$ X, U

1 h% a0 r8 N, g+ `& k; |% b2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。* i0 A  k  r; M2 q% \
4 l) q* d7 i3 c0 C9 J: R
例如:* _2 F$ K$ a) G
! B3 n; ^2 ^0 b) _5 W# B0 a
At this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)& u# `8 _; B( b/ x) _

8 g8 S+ ]# p6 }) IDespite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though)
6 c7 i, _% h" ]& U" x4 E% q! N; D$ ^
I am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)5 t/ W# U; n% T7 [4 S/ D
8 x1 n: S! ]! N8 ]2 C" u% w) U  a
He quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)
4 d' [: P! S/ c+ F
( J. Q0 K+ b4 M# n! T) m8 DIn the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)( ~1 w' D+ @1 o; V, R! \$ s

$ L! r. Z$ c9 o6 W# TShe shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer)0 o& `2 S# b1 Z

/ q" |# Q/ |" E2 I; j2 bI will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)/ \; V$ P' Y8 j4 d' ^, D- a
9 d; h( v( R& ?: G8 _, r$ O" s. O& l
如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:
/ Q- D7 D, I! z( F) e# [5 n, _( {1 W- }; o$ `* M( e
The consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。)
8 o8 P. Y) J5 ]- R# p5 l( [) K8 K% j' a6 q5 ?
The letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.)' k+ ]$ b. B$ w. M' I& n7 A

, H+ s% w9 J5 t) T; ^9 X: V  WHe has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)1 \; O( b  ^8 Y0 g- N, I

" M; A) h1 \0 }! g" |- a( B1 LHe has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味)2 h4 R7 |5 H7 t

( K! E$ c( A5 ^) C& S  X" y% nWe assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的)8 F3 W  q6 }5 w
1 q* S/ ]. I$ k, v0 c
Enclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收)
1 ]4 j5 \4 m; ~' }. x( `9 n7 D7 b' z3 G7 p
写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)
/ E# _9 v0 Y$ \  Z+ b" F0 |* N
# h& H, q# G. P5 o" G, J此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。
* G' x& g7 `* i- F: N- \. I) j% ~& E4 S8 @

& |, V! ?: m5 b- V# j6 r3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」
( C$ p; T, m, Q
5 M/ V* {- \# t/ s3 z* ?7 ?例如:1 P& g7 v2 y4 x6 D* Y9 ~1 [) ^, A) A1 m" u
- c4 E+ G! k3 p
Mankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数)
2 Q9 {' {0 S- K& X) l6 C2 q+ q
: B. y, ]2 J% m9 gManpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources)
5 y8 O( R5 d) k5 E! m
# J2 c7 d! E. A: s/ N# d6 xThis small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)
% t0 o2 M' z" b  y; H
: w8 L' {' o# }  T' OHe (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。)
! f4 D: K3 a# m- |" l3 F
! F( q' b. }4 a# E& p/ F0 TMany businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。)* w+ w4 H7 f. G# d! P0 N2 u

, b' W! d7 {0 r  X! o2 N7 _Policemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别)
/ p$ p( ^  j* u# m+ G  h- ~6 Q  l9 d1 D- e; ~$ z8 C
Congressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives)
; d( K% g! v9 m8 c
8 L4 m0 z/ f) G- OStewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)1 i& l: v2 }& e& G3 Y( O3 Z) G, j

$ M! `7 ~/ k, E: U同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。
/ k$ W5 t" w0 n+ Z" \$ f. Z; d. m  ?# S8 J
当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:
2 k( u- e0 W4 A6 I
1 P  B+ l( N: O2 ]$ m对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;
$ ?6 ]; H8 E; o# n* w5 H5 r0 a0 L5 K: |% j" U. j) Z+ J
对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;
" V0 m  @4 S: U3 h8 v
- d; M/ X+ y! q9 p3 z; `对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;
' e6 c' C( Q0 |1 F, Y+ z: e  e8 P2 _
对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;
# d& n$ }+ B4 P' T  U8 i7 [# y8 Q$ J, Q
至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:/ l6 b) y; ~% n6 A2 F3 Q2 `

* d  Y& ^/ U, W/ f4 q还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。1 L& T) C7 ^, `1 P, L2 S
- t9 y0 y7 e% R
有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。) k, ?2 D. p- ^) I

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2026-8-11 00:48 , Processed in 0.060853 second(s), 23 queries , Gzip On.

Copyright © 2001-2026, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表