AdvertCN - 广告中国

 找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
⚡️AdsPower:安全不封号,高效自动化Google FB TK游戏代投⚡️E.PN 虚拟卡⚡️FB BM不限额,短id账单户
BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理
虚拟信用卡+独立站收款全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)⚡️TikTok企业户,bm户,账单户
IPCola原生住宅IP⚡️$1.8/条双ISP提供TK企业新户老户、谷歌新户老户海外CL企业户源头PTM虚拟卡[全新卡BIN+高返点]
FB虚拟卡⚡️消费越多返现越多最大欧洲Nutra网盟BA找量 FB个号1块一个寻找顶级电商?AdsBranded等你!
TK老户/国内外端口/预审/加白SX.ORG 高质量代理⚡235+ 地区GG,FB,TK, 欧美源头, 欢迎合作广告位出租
8500万高质量住宅IP,助力各种需求虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构  
查看: 5510|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

Rank: 2

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
HuiTong虚拟卡
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑 : j* k. |+ Y. _; w
( J& O  U' B+ P# m: k" J/ c1 d" C
转帖% k# G4 E8 w; w8 r6 M0 `
1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)

) k, o( b% u2 \% u2 I
+ P$ d, G# z* r8 T0 F' q例如:  \7 w( Z$ b1 q4 N, {3 s/ ^
: N4 y. N  ~' C# K- ]" e
Many people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)3 `& i! T5 [2 A4 b5 n; H

5 L! O7 C& t( A7 LThree hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。)7 r! |4 d( [' g# Q
- l" n6 n( j) u1 y
This news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread)
' l* ~( J' y. w0 c/ b
  w8 _. D& e$ K/ i$ g) ~% z% gThe president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?)( Q9 v2 Q4 T, D8 ^& {* D0 u5 G
/ n5 i+ T# w( A& u- X+ u
I have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)
' F# j* {& T" M# Q, w2 P) L# K$ {' T" U5 O
Mr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor)
, i% n+ b. X( V  a" G. a$ ]
3 t: b* {+ D7 Z9 HWe hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)
1 Y' Q" F# T' x  z# K6 N+ W# `0 V7 a; T' t# h
The charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词)
/ @0 P, A" O! n) M3 H8 t: d3 {
, |0 v* ]: X. w- `  x$ q$ hWe don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)1 c; V8 k. n% e$ ^5 Y- p! U
- P4 z3 m3 e3 R7 ^  g% {
Please act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?)1 X! j5 v* O% E& }+ H8 ~+ Z
; y- D, J4 W% S- f& B3 Q5 U& e. ^
这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!
% O' [; {8 C: m9 s/ }3 W5 h
* s  Z0 L1 ^$ f4 S4 y: A1 C/ G8 x) d
  Z2 l9 ~3 l( I) N/ x4 S2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。3 E$ |" _+ g$ `: H

2 c& s1 @1 K$ [3 G  m7 U: i6 ~例如:
+ e& d5 _/ @* S* _9 T+ A/ r, `: _: A+ a
At this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)% T. Q5 L# V8 a  ?+ b
0 r% j+ Y& ~1 v8 H% B
Despite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though)6 w/ I* ]3 [3 i% B+ q3 \
$ l1 M9 f. M, T( P7 g$ P7 U
I am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)1 B* \$ f8 \; o/ T8 {& c

$ G( @& k0 G* }6 g2 v9 l9 @He quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)/ K. e. i# Z8 @7 \5 G

, ^. C3 K) e3 w1 `/ iIn the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)
4 E9 ?/ k: U5 O) p$ Y& ^- [0 C( f2 F- ]3 Z6 {1 x& {2 {
She shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer)
7 F! ?& Y2 V+ |# ~0 w1 ]3 Q$ s! \# x4 \
I will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)0 j0 y& _" m. a

" ]( Y# u3 L, a3 h) ^如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:
, ^5 J1 T- q1 q( X: q6 x& `* |- Z( T/ ~, z; a& A
The consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。)  E+ O* x  r+ T

- |: b+ J; C! `, _The letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.)
: r( s; {. {$ L$ y# C0 P% n  _9 r. g: M$ a
He has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)
! e' B7 Q# Z! A8 q* G
2 i8 [2 m5 p& n: c6 @' |He has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味)7 J8 I2 T' r, C$ o) _
- o7 f% G4 S. e9 A2 }5 ]3 L
We assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的)
. C# w* y6 p9 o' S' x8 U" f$ F4 n
Enclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收). o5 S9 y6 c" }, T* S" J) ?, @
2 U) v7 C- Y' v( V$ [! n/ i# `
写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)
* q$ f- _$ L; n; ~3 Y9 q9 w
  D3 f) k! ?& Y& u' b7 [此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。
+ g; ]4 I' z( U& W. v6 g$ ]8 O, t" u

( ~+ d8 W+ T6 G# F2 R$ X3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」
, |/ ~! `& `$ _  K, X0 a. [2 L0 _% I7 T' }' I9 h! X* E5 ]
例如:* i! k& J. K* x1 G

" U1 ^" b- c9 V- x% {* CMankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数)( ^* I& j* g* Q& V
8 e' z: G5 `$ P" E# o$ }7 D4 n
Manpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources)8 R/ x, l) x) `4 r
3 n, l: x( x3 r1 h
This small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)3 g, R& N3 ~' a/ s% {2 b

& ?5 p: n0 J% T! ~3 k: yHe (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。)
. y7 x7 j: w. [/ Z  a
, ]& Q5 n& C! _: Z' p9 t/ R1 VMany businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。)
0 ?3 I! R) {+ a) ~; I
. r9 f: J8 l* w' g. R( cPolicemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别)" I3 t3 \+ U  z& y  Z, b" o  D
* X4 `7 q4 O  z/ R6 P
Congressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives)
* A5 P3 d5 \0 ]6 e2 F; v! p- r; X% f% q; `% j) m$ A
Stewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)7 i4 y9 p) \! p$ W
  _$ l; m9 h; Y
同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。
8 f+ c5 H- f' J) l+ f$ W4 k, }) K2 m$ u4 ^# N) H
当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:7 _9 b) |! t9 N4 p6 W
4 }2 p* q- m& ^$ c1 E; I+ ~& V
对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;, Y* q" T* a- m7 ~/ D1 Q& g- `
8 F; J: R" E. ^, b2 y
对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;
, x5 G$ z- x1 \$ k; ]0 _
; m  v# e  w: b7 T6 L( ^$ S0 [对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;( l! O0 \7 ~2 x' v

) e- m  W! I. e# m( w对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;/ T0 d7 n- z5 {6 s; K

5 @7 ?9 I1 d5 h至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:# J. _5 N! r  s+ F- R9 q3 `. w' y
0 x6 |3 I! V& Q; {: o7 [
还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。! t7 Z! m! e) |3 Y" G

& _( G' [8 C2 ^/ a% B有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。
* u/ V0 Y9 B0 P) y

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2026-2-18 08:46 , Processed in 0.048761 second(s), 18 queries , Gzip On, MemCache On.

Copyright © 2001-2023, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表