AdvertCN - 广告中国

 找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️AdsPower:安全不封号,高效自动化广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
FB BM不限额,短id账单户E.PN 虚拟卡BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具
ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理虚拟信用卡+独立站收款全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值
Facebook 批量上广告尤里改 - FB 稳定投放免费黑五教程(持续更新、欢迎交流)FB 三不限源头 - 自助下户充值转款
各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)⚡️TikTok企业户,bm户,账单户提供TK企业新户老户、谷歌新户老户海外CL企业户源头
FB虚拟卡⚡️消费越多返现越多最大欧洲Nutra网盟BA找量->Tyver SPY汇聚海量广告创意高质量代理⚡️住宅⚡️移动
原生住宅⚡️双isp⚡️适合跨境电商TK白名单老户|兼职广告可投Miluproxy⚡️全球住宅IP代理Top 3联盟收款/海外资金下发/服贸结汇
广告位出租8500万高质量住宅IP,助力各种需求虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构 
查看: 5008|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

Rank: 2

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑
8 C4 j4 L. e4 G, C  \0 F9 R/ a0 L0 N2 ~$ n/ s" S
转帖6 p5 @' t8 F6 _0 a/ j
1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)
7 i& h# O( \7 Q2 j+ b
" K' j/ n/ W3 `: N/ `
例如:
. ~4 P8 i: k' w! I
2 G& P8 K- z/ x' B$ L8 G4 eMany people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)# ~* T& f1 z* e) v- E

$ x+ ~# R6 A5 g7 q) L, LThree hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。)/ e* ]0 s& a) j! K3 r! x
- l( o$ s( B/ J# r
This news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread)
' i( V$ M# X; F5 g1 f
2 y$ F) u( k& yThe president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?)
% |5 R3 \0 o+ W8 H: s0 _: Q
3 p( _: Q6 C7 d/ c( m# eI have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)" w3 G( k; ~0 d& \' ?; n. ?

( ]( u7 i% ]! w, A. k% [4 f. I& YMr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor)$ x9 W- ]& r( j$ t
* Z# K, I# S5 U
We hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)% n2 k/ Q- F* T6 @) E$ ]

+ y) ]5 Z: O/ ^& T8 }. S7 B6 `5 j* _The charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词)
. [8 A: b1 J! U# x$ x$ @8 J
$ N% M3 ^9 [0 [; }We don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)
/ R# x( t$ `9 s) {9 d9 K3 K( E% c" X; i, Y3 {
Please act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?)
5 \2 z4 @$ i- u' ?$ j' c
. G9 m" p5 }9 y- ~: O0 P/ e! N这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!
0 h' a6 C, t# Z( w! M+ N5 y& N+ z
3 s: J9 F, h+ x% D6 i- `
2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。
  @6 J1 C) U% ]) C+ x/ {4 L: V/ [: T* _/ m8 z# s, z( H" T5 N
例如:
* G" L4 u; G1 ]+ Q0 F7 K9 J& f5 ~0 x4 k/ n1 J
At this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)
/ Z) a* q; B2 I6 y( U2 z
# X0 D$ r- v7 S: NDespite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though)
+ G7 M' T% c* B% Z7 ~- u0 E' R8 V, B
I am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)
. I) k+ q3 `" q; \1 X% G( m) ?% H& r5 A/ l* n
He quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)/ C* G/ O( a# y( A

9 K$ f- q3 c  N$ \In the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)
2 o' O+ I) a1 W/ I$ E5 m; z
/ T9 ]8 |. Z0 M, D$ wShe shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer)0 E  H% {. S  g5 S: H
* O3 k, @3 `/ V7 u4 ], H
I will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)
3 V9 o4 O# \3 S# ]% b: C* n5 |  m( I- d8 b2 A( F& B6 ^
如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:, K1 m. R$ ^2 L6 w- V( Q5 W4 A" A
% ^/ _! s! \' f8 p4 w
The consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。), {. z% @! z2 P
2 Y9 z! T0 E3 n" I
The letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.); d! _+ r) P( H) `1 [

3 z1 x0 e* |1 w$ k# ^; MHe has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)
! F8 N1 C: v7 f; S( u
8 u: J' g2 y- J# U3 L& `- @% MHe has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味)$ H. [  \( \$ y1 r* M, O4 Q$ k  D

' f$ P1 o& t* m- M4 H( X$ vWe assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的)$ F! k, ]! F0 M3 M0 r8 I1 @
# Y7 c3 k! R. M0 V$ o3 p% a, m
Enclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收)
, p* }" H+ @/ K) W5 u% L1 w' d: V' G1 O
写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)
4 h4 z. d. I7 U$ W9 R/ b* l- H3 c6 W
此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。! d4 ^  r9 g) E+ z' f3 b5 y

+ m( c& c$ `9 w5 z2 _- i+ d' d* T7 X: r. y1 `) }* F; W
3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」
' c0 Z8 T/ k7 H" P
3 e# G4 h8 Q5 O. m$ W8 K+ `0 j例如:9 P9 ~8 C6 |9 \% g+ u7 m0 K$ m+ n
5 j1 Q9 {5 E  P' X. M9 G
Mankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数)- v5 W' i8 z: @2 I) N
+ }4 q& F# V0 m: n
Manpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources)
  m  D0 q5 O6 i8 ]  h) s! x$ s: H2 A% o
This small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了). ]  W# v" P6 R2 e" Y& u# c

. Z9 p" D8 @0 l& T2 z2 J. o# y" HHe (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。)
4 A2 Q+ X- c( ~$ \" J: r+ X. x( [0 g' N
Many businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。)
) [5 }) K9 H4 M: N0 d. [
9 Z1 O! C, s3 w& L  ~; ^! @) `3 t. ]Policemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别)
2 S7 k  H5 @- @
9 b1 P' ?# W5 U8 U/ U( |7 |& w  dCongressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives)( Q5 O/ H) Q* ~

) [6 X: ?# y+ i* K- J  LStewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。): S7 a' m1 j- C

2 r; I( ^9 d/ @7 }* V& w) @同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。6 J/ P+ Z# P- \/ i/ U8 o4 @2 I
: U9 q6 ]( K/ e( g! t3 f
当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:
% O) d5 K2 Z2 q/ c9 s0 d0 Y& z' m5 C5 V! ]2 o, f5 R
对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;
# V2 k% g( ?8 H" w
$ A% N# x: ^0 r! I+ X对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;/ Q3 ?& I* u/ T! a

: [& ^* `& ]5 \9 E1 K对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;/ f" V1 c7 F5 O& A/ _1 S% _$ b/ r9 A

6 p% E3 x, _1 R4 B* i对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;
0 I- n9 s8 C% ?; g+ V4 q) A4 m9 o
至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:
- X6 ~8 j5 `/ C) l8 c% q0 W( U' x, h0 T) H
还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。: H0 X8 \/ k; d6 l
6 R* K$ o% G7 E1 l. I
有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。. D1 c3 k1 a% s' {6 J% k+ z

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2025-11-12 20:46 , Processed in 0.050507 second(s), 18 queries , Gzip On, MemCache On.

Copyright © 2001-2023, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表