找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
Google FB TK游戏代投⚡️E.PN 虚拟卡⚡️BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具
ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理虚拟信用卡+独立站收款全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值
Facebook 批量上广告尤里改 - FB 稳定投放免费黑五教程(持续更新、欢迎交流)FB 三不限源头 - 自助下户充值转款
各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)IPCola原生住宅IP⚡️$1.8/条双ISPFB资源,账单户,分享户,国内一手TK加白户/二解户/FB海外户/GG老户
海外CL企业户源头最大欧洲Nutra网盟BA找量 FB高权重耐操个号⚡️稳定过审GG,FB,TK, 欧美源头, 欢迎合作❤️
FB企业户海外户,授信户,TK加白户联盟收款/海外资金下发/服贸结汇✔Taboola海外户源头9千万住宅IP-低至$0.3/gb✅静态$4/ip
广告位出租虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构  
查看: 7079|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
Binom_AdvertCN
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑
7 B+ K! |+ c! `+ |
, C7 k2 G, o0 f. K2 G9 Q6 N转帖  T% u4 f4 _5 L" n, H% P! N4 z
1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)

: A6 a% x; |" V/ a
0 W0 W7 O9 {* W: x$ p: ?例如:+ @5 q5 }' W! D4 s0 Q8 r! {

' N+ A9 Q4 j& B/ K# Q& G4 u5 F7 zMany people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)
" \0 U; A4 F: H7 j2 f3 {4 g  ^. e" Q) u( {! l- J& Q
Three hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。)
% u( m, n& C; |; j+ Y. V2 [7 l/ b: {7 H) W: Z2 ~$ U* e) |
This news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread)$ c7 w. M  d* j( U
- d/ G1 P/ E7 J4 d& A9 K
The president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?)
( N2 n" C4 `+ V$ i3 z1 [+ [+ d$ l, r6 B+ G4 A% W6 E% S
I have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)
2 h1 w$ Q" a& T4 M  J/ n
% w) A' P5 K+ Q) [! B# D4 }2 r) ?Mr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor)
5 p. k' \% F. N5 F3 G. C2 s
2 h- |9 N+ Z) P/ gWe hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)0 \' u5 T% ]+ }2 L$ ?1 w/ r. E3 S
  z+ Z* h0 z, S
The charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词)4 V+ R; ]0 Z* F6 C( L. U5 u
  Q+ Q+ S& E, B/ X: e7 ^5 I3 f
We don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)
4 p( _! m, R5 Y1 U, s- `! O4 T1 k0 B# g$ b& x
Please act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?)
3 m/ ^. f# f0 _8 r1 F& y) L
: |. m9 ]3 d  t! x; s6 s这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!
/ ~6 G# N1 a( @, R3 r5 V0 u# `# B& _; Q9 @) j
6 S- N* d; D! M" ~, [8 G$ R
2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。
) }0 `. f3 R$ ]; i$ Q+ a( L- r+ p" ^. j2 D6 u* e( W: {7 ]$ p: g9 f
例如:
3 ~4 l( U' G; ]; k+ U5 i; u+ u) W! b- M
At this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)
8 @8 c9 g1 w/ n+ C& ?4 q3 W7 h# W) H' L/ C* L
Despite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though)
7 n# S5 P/ p' o9 {* D: i
6 R& h# F1 i6 [" YI am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)
3 d6 H: O2 ^% q! }" Z: n! b. {0 u& s. Q, J1 _
He quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)# ~' d4 {5 ?! c% _1 `9 N* o+ x
% f( y+ q3 W, f, B2 K' E
In the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)4 E$ N! J* ], {( D
; u$ W- }$ h% r) |( z, d' \, s
She shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer)
& k% O1 _9 Q8 s7 Z8 [6 d; _9 t3 S# ^8 V. i* I! ^( u: c3 ]
I will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)1 }& i6 V" ~. T( H, C" g) d

: V! F) u& c! F$ C- J( V如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:
8 J- U$ O7 a( v6 T
. K: `* c0 P$ a3 m0 Q) u" tThe consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。)
+ l! x' L& O1 Z8 @7 ~/ U/ q! ~$ g5 B6 t
The letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.)
. y0 S8 e8 z3 m2 T1 x
- F. ]! G2 O4 ?  F( k4 |He has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)$ [% K+ G" q- P
  u0 W) w% _1 X  M5 ]! \3 p
He has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味)
% `" S6 q0 }) [4 G3 \1 m- O) o+ @* b
We assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的): o7 l2 R: {& |
! ~) t* R. M, }2 m
Enclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收)
: ^8 P/ L8 Q0 _  t1 x' I8 b- |9 o- C1 o1 Z, _
写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)
1 |1 P) e( c+ \* z  N- t9 _) e9 a6 Q7 ~# B
此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。
+ j6 j8 b4 Z8 r/ ?, I" a! L) h/ r, A& [6 A  w
. v' K. y% ]4 k( ^+ J
3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」
% {( v& {% h  J0 }. T2 I0 y# H; f# W3 ~6 B0 j9 W
例如:
' t9 r# p7 ?+ p7 \
8 F* N- O* M7 T  oMankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数)
! d* l/ }1 _- F% r. `4 n, ?
/ L5 c3 l+ K# g+ e" C- \Manpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources)
3 r) f, n. W) ]5 L. O1 n, E' c
  ]9 M8 k$ M, q; k; w3 h2 B& EThis small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)" q  `( u& u8 M) X2 N

4 h" E! N0 e5 h! P6 hHe (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。)
. m/ n! O. q( s2 d. n7 |
$ Y3 X! @( ^+ L* ^, M8 {0 _; b( CMany businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。)) M4 m3 o2 ], m& X6 R- _: H( y

: }& b4 V9 S( g$ L3 dPolicemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别)
' Y# g$ }" \3 k1 z: ]9 ^5 G* [& y* G. u
Congressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives); ^1 K+ d8 ~" X' G8 }9 u
8 ?( @# ], N. Q9 S
Stewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)4 o9 ]" ~% T1 P+ L
1 E9 c  Z. }" U% n9 S  [! ~
同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。
) a" L% C1 w9 B( M; z2 M# D0 G" D/ p& n& \
当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:
# M* d- ]: T: f( C$ x+ ?
* m5 K0 Y6 s) c3 f/ j7 a4 e6 r对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;# ]5 G1 v" Q. Z6 x3 [# x4 F7 V
& c' x/ ^/ L9 X: d+ r) Q
对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;
2 t: m% s) C+ M" _! C% m% j% O& w  Y1 M2 |4 Q* ~" ?1 t
对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;+ s# k$ Q" U# x- _- ~" i# V6 e# a" ?3 h

, s! z; ?% {( J; P对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;
' L$ H1 c0 ?5 O9 z! t9 Q1 _' ~7 w. r/ d$ b" u2 A1 x, I8 w2 f
至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:8 |/ K" ]/ g0 \
/ d* P& v4 L0 Q0 e
还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。
  Z  ~9 A: \3 B, V1 ^) z$ j
. [! Y. d) k8 Z$ T& _% J有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。
/ S$ `7 |) H$ J' O, d% O% C4 y

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2026-9-22 12:17 , Processed in 0.067835 second(s), 23 queries , Gzip On.

Copyright © 2001-2026, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表