AdvertCN - 广告中国

 找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
⚡️AdsPower:安全不封号,高效自动化⚡️E.PN 虚拟卡⚡️FB BM不限额,短id账单户BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!
比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理虚拟信用卡+独立站收款
全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值Facebook 批量上广告尤里改 - FB 稳定投放免费黑五教程(持续更新、欢迎交流)
FB 三不限源头 - 自助下户充值转款各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)⚡️TikTok企业户,bm户,账单户提供TK企业新户老户、谷歌新户老户
PTM虚拟卡[全新卡BIN+高返点]FB虚拟卡⚡️消费越多返现越多优质住宅/移动代理/高匿名/高性能TK白名单老户|兼职广告可投
T3NZU:定义应用网盟新时代 FB个号3块一个寻找顶级电商?AdsBranded等你!TK老户/国内外端口/预审/加白
广告位出租8500万高质量住宅IP,助力各种需求虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构 
查看: 5215|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

Rank: 2

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑
5 a$ E7 G+ a0 l9 e; x) [: }) ~2 K6 V2 D( q
转帖
5 u" s4 y$ S2 L. v" Z) F8 b1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)

1 g" m! D6 B* \) F/ ~1 O1 M" e* R0 ]' c
例如:
% g, c' l7 c8 b/ o4 z" c
6 K8 y9 V7 r0 yMany people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)
' r* W6 n/ n5 E- m. ^. O# b: Q0 X$ Q$ o+ t, `+ b& w
Three hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。). O( s5 L) `3 I( C; Q3 [7 d0 {  W: \

* ?+ [+ W$ e7 {3 d. K; v2 ]- QThis news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread)
9 t/ n( K! v; V6 _$ ^5 f. a  v" D  B+ b3 ~
The president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?)
. Y. x) e' T8 Q; K% h6 c# \/ M
& i% L; a4 Y1 ?  AI have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)
4 A" K0 q- D4 p' M  [1 U
8 M' E: D, y$ u6 U! j7 I1 W) r! ZMr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor). g( M) V7 t: v  ^4 Q# g4 t
8 f7 `7 E5 ?: e$ v
We hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)
& R/ g$ Z/ _' V! s  C: d  Q/ Z& T! m0 u
The charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词)# r9 f* o* N& ^& v5 K" J

* L. {' G' S4 v# w5 tWe don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)
( _3 V. c3 {: V! X6 B
5 M! [% l; w+ `$ _Please act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?)
) R: u7 d2 R1 Z# X
) E; [9 i1 R( d这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!% x8 ?0 b7 b+ E( B
; L8 \: l$ N$ [0 ?2 A; A
6 S  {1 p# t9 H  g  @' b
2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。  e) c/ z) P. a$ H$ |4 }7 v

* K- N2 |4 R4 h例如:4 [! o# k0 E' V; `# V  ]- u6 g3 V/ g
: t0 `( T  L) Z; Y; b( i/ }, x
At this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)
5 C* c& c5 |- s- c( a& q
3 P0 p* Z% V6 |7 ^" {" ^Despite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though)- |1 |1 N& E: F* p+ g* u! N- Z

  g3 X1 P! N/ J) R0 ^  y! F$ R3 p' o& RI am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think): r( _& f" V/ _; s1 Z

, R3 ?% |. [6 X" \3 |, hHe quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)
9 U* Z7 c  ~1 h, A8 E, c& `/ @( v# J2 M
In the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)
; M, p0 v- z2 b1 W4 i
4 Q  s# b0 `( b! i6 SShe shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer)
8 X4 G3 z! g8 n# v) _6 I3 n& L: e' f% n5 z& z
I will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)
9 @! _' n+ J% r3 ~
7 A, q- D. @0 L7 U如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:
; L; {6 S1 L/ c; s, |$ u0 k- }. g+ b& A
The consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。)
2 q; t- |! }0 X* ~
% Q' m# d: q' z  ^& N4 V8 rThe letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.)& u, Q9 T/ E! ]- |! ?+ S$ |5 v9 v

' _- d5 k& G1 JHe has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)
: ^6 o4 x- o, C, V9 T  y3 i3 D/ ?
He has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味)
' b' D$ [' [) {* F& G
0 w" Y- `7 W) q4 U, yWe assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的)" N  x3 T  X6 D) t

$ j9 ~4 c! q* R2 K* _3 t4 LEnclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收)# Q3 R7 i) Y5 G2 i; B# ~( {! Q
$ p/ x" A# d  T- n) H
写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)
7 h/ K) q4 X6 j) N% w0 {: ^. d( f+ p- q3 i3 ]5 q( s$ X
此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。
& p7 |+ S' K# o$ ^" R' Q' L. ^$ L% M# g: j8 X
: c/ f6 w' q) o8 n% m
3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」: V' G0 g# m0 u- D* A$ X3 A

2 Y6 s6 P5 W# M) {8 w例如:9 w) y6 V- C) f2 M( F- J* H" O
# J% b9 H. P% S' a# ~- Y4 l
Mankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数): \$ d+ V: O& }3 ?3 R

8 O+ b9 T. v. xManpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources)
" ]% z& M* V" w" W/ x# }5 c' F0 V" ~
# ]/ l1 D7 I1 E: V. uThis small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)  E7 v1 i! r" A% r5 J& X
3 g" P# t+ j" o4 @/ |5 Y
He (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。)
7 P: H; j: z, b0 s' O" g3 {/ u7 t( D# r+ k; B# a
Many businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。)
% l: o; t! w! P* u: `# U* E9 R, f/ C) a# i0 y# g' B
Policemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别)
& K6 @' {8 x! H! b9 w0 ?) O, P: {
) c1 L, m- }2 Z1 f  X, sCongressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives)" i8 ^# o' Z, P7 {6 ^
6 E- p' j0 Y" b2 L
Stewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)! P" o# [3 u' A3 {3 I/ [

2 C) U4 A* G6 z& L, |( T# t同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。
: P5 u& @" {& w0 K" j
! [! W' b& ~% e; }. j0 U( \3 Y: a% w# k当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:
, R# n. w, u0 q3 _* s7 v/ ]$ N: F) H+ L/ C! C
对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;1 I; L& X' B7 x. c$ u: K: W
1 B% m% J: `: U( ]  y- ?
对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;) l  M- N# a6 l* z3 w/ x

) v( y% D$ f. N6 y对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;, G; R$ u' {: }
4 {) ^& V) e- L( R% y1 W
对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;) y) M: n4 V& |& q) j
. A  U9 j+ u9 O# a/ J
至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:& k) c- _9 A6 [

: n/ m" v4 R9 U: e还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。4 ?+ o( U- q9 _  w
; n  h2 M, q0 ~% t5 M) `
有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。# n& U3 k8 U9 U) y# f

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2025-12-28 18:48 , Processed in 0.044473 second(s), 14 queries , Gzip On, MemCache On.

Copyright © 2001-2023, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表