AdvertCN - 广告中国

 找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
⚡️AdsPower:安全不封号,高效自动化Google FB TK游戏代投⚡️E.PN 虚拟卡⚡️BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!
比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理虚拟信用卡+独立站收款
全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)⚡️TikTok企业户,bm户,账单户IPCola原生住宅IP⚡️$1.8/条双ISP
FB海外户、GG老户、TK加白老户PTM虚拟卡[全新卡BIN+高返点]FB虚拟卡⚡️消费越多返现越多最大欧洲Nutra网盟BA找量
高品质·稳定高速纯净IP FB个号1块一个TikTok2审户/老户/国内外端口/加白SX.ORG 高质量代理⚡235+ 地区
GG,FB,TK, 欧美源头, 欢迎合作❤️跨境债务催收/风险代理高权重Google老户[卖户+筛户等级] 海外斗篷・智能广告过审率高达 99%
DataImpulse⚡️纯净住宅代理仅 $1FB企业户海外户,授信户,TK加白户广告位出租8500万高质量住宅IP,助力各种需求
虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构   
查看: 5780|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

Rank: 2

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑 & h( V' }0 ~! Z; i& l2 k& [) A/ h

' K# U; U- N7 |, I1 x转帖6 |* g- h: w$ ~" w  k7 t
1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)
9 s1 L+ S9 t# _* e! Z
  x& |9 e% U( L/ I) V+ N1 j) s8 ~
例如:, Q. S& q- D# u) ]
- j/ V+ ?  B4 K* ^/ m2 J
Many people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)
) [1 X9 i3 ?9 o/ g9 k' H. X" X- M6 U' s5 m5 d7 D; W* z" c
Three hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。)
. Y9 h' {% ?4 A$ o8 y. _; d+ V( i4 ~9 U" X
This news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread)8 n- K7 T% a' f# Y3 m8 l- b
: t5 S% J4 O6 a/ V5 a- [0 k
The president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?)
) A6 e* }& K( ^/ p2 o( f8 V
8 }& K% O* }2 G* ?+ M  @I have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)
" u) b) `! V0 N+ y( r
- w& U! l8 M( E' r" OMr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor)
( |& F& A8 M& N2 E$ S
& ~6 A1 W* @4 U; n  }  M1 `We hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)
9 {) }  X4 n' O# W1 v9 \" p8 z5 v  j+ q, U! \" k3 R
The charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词)$ I* _% ]" E0 L% Z
+ M7 g: w- A7 Y% J
We don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)
0 _, W! v3 a# p) M! q& `
. \( q  M3 i  u& x' D* b# CPlease act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?), _' C4 E0 E4 ^. s* O+ Z
$ c) k. P) p* D0 X# ~1 Q
这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!( P2 A/ l! B$ ]- Z; K
9 h. Q/ S! \. y# \; G$ V7 G

  j' p( m1 D% ^6 n% J/ \2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。. T2 y1 U# T- `7 c0 q: \
$ q* D- ?6 M2 t% G% q4 ?2 w
例如:
+ G1 f5 U) o! p  V5 {1 U9 O
' q! s" l/ I: Y, y  W0 YAt this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)
+ [! |1 c+ I* x% ]
8 H, i9 h/ L. O2 g6 ZDespite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though)% N; O. N, \& V# C& k8 j2 \9 a

5 d; i9 o' r! y5 |6 I1 a" s7 V" lI am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)& D' j7 `: T: y! C, a
1 p1 [" E* ^' ~5 @8 O
He quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)  T" M( l- W8 h5 s$ \$ o

6 w1 j6 Q' s2 fIn the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)
, c6 Z; q: o+ X1 o4 }
8 M0 k2 a7 ]7 n7 h( T' E1 zShe shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer)3 A4 @; {6 o' A8 f. r
5 J! v7 _" R! l) s& y
I will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)
' q+ O3 E5 D' y$ G$ J
. V$ c3 U) P% p$ n( V! M7 v如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:5 j4 L7 ~; B0 x) i% t4 C$ t
& b5 a& W: A: D
The consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。)6 U5 C8 E! S" e- m! o5 i/ \
( t. h* |3 ~/ U* R9 [7 L
The letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.)8 X; C0 s  b1 `& g& @

* V8 ~1 R9 j$ A" C: r, |- eHe has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)7 _% g" J, J' z4 Z4 F2 Q# F

& j& y& s8 I) L. ^) XHe has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味)
' J, q& n5 X% m# _9 s3 h. Z% S! ~. k3 h
We assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的)
# c% e3 H1 p8 U  q/ S: w0 m; n7 \* Q6 ^$ P7 V$ w
Enclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收)1 M6 l7 m+ z( I

. W% A6 \5 \6 S& ~0 W写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)
  X. o  x) s: V9 M. V7 }% A; p6 l5 }% A* @, V, L& @
此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。9 i/ L/ Q) X$ I' q# a; B' ~1 V! A

* g7 S" o4 L8 d8 ~- f) y- y4 b$ k# y
3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」9 l' c+ f8 [& o4 r2 G( M
4 {1 b$ P4 k; {9 t
例如:
- {& T/ N, M0 N) |- ]" V, r% A- g8 A( q) ?) C* T- r0 B
Mankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数)
5 j5 f6 ^/ ~: @* H/ F2 N4 L
( q% T, N( |0 n) Y; x6 ^5 cManpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources)
4 X1 D6 @+ x# _2 g8 U
, |( I: B( Z1 `1 ^# O% d3 XThis small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)6 Y! ~/ z2 i3 v- j' ]) O

* ^6 _6 s! ~0 V5 u' [He (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。)
5 N' Y0 B2 y7 E# w, M+ s% s" d" f- Z' {
Many businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。)
, I9 o  c5 {% Q. U) n0 \, B9 R4 E3 G
Policemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别)
5 S& \# V5 N7 g% ^
. O$ a; v8 h6 _- M+ Z+ ^Congressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives)& f- C, e' g9 N$ J6 P- j. _% C2 T3 @
0 S  H/ k0 g2 P  l$ ]$ l& Y' G/ M
Stewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)
# y, b& u. f' m9 ~+ O
. p# k2 T# J" U同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。
* O4 `( l" q+ i$ @1 L8 w0 u( f  |* l1 j  v
当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:" {  H8 f* S2 m8 k# H/ u. J

& L1 ?2 J0 |6 ~对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;
. Q9 Q& b2 W3 ^5 T  Q4 R
+ v* F' O' ^! g, d对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;$ m: {9 N- G. y" G" C5 O

( V  t2 A! o" W7 T对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;
4 H  _* d. ~7 g8 e$ d/ T
/ e3 g2 u. B- b& j6 ?/ S对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;
7 S; {" j+ M2 R5 \' X' p" m: F# K& K0 M; R+ V( b# w
至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:2 z$ M% s0 f- [4 j' o% O
* I, ]+ Y3 T! u% F1 {- L
还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。+ k. F1 N) w, ~6 @: E& X

' U# m8 C5 a" z3 B$ K有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。
# D" \! V/ E- h1 |, B5 Z1 V& U

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2026-4-7 05:25 , Processed in 0.046589 second(s), 15 queries , Gzip On, MemCache On.

Copyright © 2001-2023, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表