AdvertCN - 广告中国

 找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
⚡️AdsPower:安全不封号,高效自动化Google FB TK游戏代投⚡️E.PN 虚拟卡⚡️FB BM不限额,短id账单户
BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理
虚拟信用卡+独立站收款全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)⚡️TikTok企业户,bm户,账单户
IPCola原生住宅IP⚡️$1.8/条双ISP提供TK企业新户老户、谷歌新户老户海外CL企业户源头PTM虚拟卡[全新卡BIN+高返点]
FB虚拟卡⚡️消费越多返现越多最大欧洲Nutra网盟BA找量 FB个号1块一个寻找顶级电商?AdsBranded等你!
TK老户/国内外端口/预审/加白SX.ORG 高质量代理⚡235+ 地区GG,FB,TK, 欧美源头, 欢迎合作广告位出租
8500万高质量住宅IP,助力各种需求虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构  
查看: 5441|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

Rank: 2

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑
0 U- h% c! ?; O% ^' H: ~$ p: g" f- d. x
转帖
. M' F) r* J2 x1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)

7 p) F) `3 `2 `* t( E
0 @2 U/ H( A! y4 C0 y' M! k0 ^$ m例如:
. Y8 h+ S0 z9 I. Y) T: @# ]& _  P) A7 B4 q6 s1 f- r: W
Many people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)
# _) o* C' v( w% k1 Z0 n" G  l
: d8 Z. P, o* ?; S% [. ~Three hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。)
+ _0 ^: M  V2 V, H- O4 q' j  ~' E9 x5 _( ^5 f# C
This news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread)
& }8 }" _3 z- a/ ~3 ^' y
9 t+ s' ], t, z9 L& Y  FThe president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?)- m" y4 G. z& R' b' Z
2 }+ l6 ^) u+ _1 |# x. |( @
I have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)
* C& O0 ?( N8 q# a2 R
. ]. j/ h& \4 @Mr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor)
' H  l& N% z( C( [; h4 g' K
1 s* w0 k+ o* g1 G' v6 j7 ?We hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)
/ V/ a5 K7 X# o2 u  ~, T/ k1 O4 G9 V
The charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词)4 G/ \' ]' n6 u" O" _5 E2 w

6 N0 e$ Y- L. A+ IWe don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)) k7 ^! W1 b: o! [+ ~

- s: _) U2 v4 m2 UPlease act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?)0 t/ r6 f* ]( k) C* I* J4 x

+ m% I- m6 _% f, H9 i这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!
2 h; d+ a" I3 o, Z3 L4 l2 ?: z4 V3 l4 n8 t- }, X9 e3 u+ t( g- j2 O9 p

; g( s6 F* s. j6 |5 d3 ^1 G2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。. @# H' j. h  Z/ U' |
! X2 p, |" I+ V( x. k/ c
例如:$ u- o- o# R" ]
: }& O& \" v% M; J
At this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)$ N( g! x' m$ S7 e, r4 R4 N  Q5 q' j
" b' {! r8 E' Q$ S( j3 E
Despite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though)  J# ]1 W+ F3 H- y7 x8 ?. d2 W8 [
( H. r* p! z2 u. j
I am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)/ q0 ]7 Y: Z# E& P* _( c
9 G6 d# l: V/ G8 ^9 j4 {5 o. T
He quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)
/ x) Z, j$ P' }# v) t$ o, c; C) v6 I, l; [
In the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)
9 Z* ~  C" R, B& N9 S* R
2 D1 c4 g" x, n+ {/ M: k3 N( X" NShe shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer)+ f: R( v# |1 v7 T6 S2 I

0 u" B: P- h6 m8 UI will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)
1 ]$ `4 z5 }4 x3 F, K. q% |7 S
1 z% a5 F% n2 ~: F& d如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:8 ?7 n# e+ U* k4 N6 O! f7 N

- v( `" I: F5 C% jThe consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。)
7 Z4 i6 Y" A+ `5 l* u& R2 f: P. \9 `; U0 m
The letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.)
7 O+ i& ?8 v5 u4 q/ O6 {) x7 f9 y
1 X5 C1 V7 Z" k4 @; R& cHe has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)4 s, l' K9 c+ M. B
, _6 J7 @1 z! x4 @+ i
He has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味)) F. a$ a  }. x6 k1 B5 o
7 A( D! o7 I# x+ Y% V
We assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的): O6 u- c/ @$ h3 [  n
4 y' X- p% r+ H. U% G& M9 g
Enclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收); T- T( j. u( P3 A# n

7 ~7 r" g( _5 L  g3 l写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)
' P, L9 T+ N  I$ r  s. o5 {  e7 w3 ~: n, \: X* I3 a9 x2 H$ O2 ?# R" H
此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。
9 a( _$ g/ a/ j% u% Z7 f  r4 r6 V
2 m! X% z7 c2 n7 Q. t. i
* K- e2 l7 X* G5 }# R3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」
( B  H; I- P+ _% B7 s6 R- L4 N+ e' K/ Z1 ?( v- X0 S
例如:
/ o: H( ]3 _6 J( ]! a4 ?% m* W0 ]: ], r  F; {1 h
Mankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数)
. i- D- K7 N2 e  p, ^; R4 j2 U$ K  H6 A& C8 }! L$ |4 h: b
Manpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources)
  p  y! g+ e! i; v, y
+ z2 w  f. J& b8 h! rThis small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)8 F4 }4 s' v# |4 T6 [& f
# E" A9 T) n. Q! i# V; x/ C# r" b
He (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。)
: F# M" T4 A0 U6 l7 e
; F. W" e5 Z% EMany businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。)4 F* T6 @0 ?$ k' D4 b1 k5 f! l
1 l' r4 `$ A9 ^5 E$ g
Policemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别)$ ], s  U0 K. D" h
! n* I$ a9 j7 w! n& g0 }" X$ ]
Congressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives)
# L) R- y8 E* m9 J
1 i0 `# ]8 m  iStewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)
; w2 E% V1 k! ?) _7 @# w) q7 b# S8 A  A, s8 {3 o/ C4 k
同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。
7 [8 c4 }2 ~/ l/ L' N3 J9 l
; ^2 k( _$ [! R- h当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:
# o& I5 D) E0 ^- K6 i3 y' n, V1 k$ D1 Y7 ^1 C
对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;2 U8 N7 {$ u, q. N& a& C* M3 S3 \

5 o9 m2 z. Z" e0 V9 Y对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;
8 C9 g1 h% M) ~4 G2 ?  s
. E9 j, M# W# t4 R" E4 ]对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;
& j5 z/ V" _, Y' r0 H- ?
' t8 D8 M6 ^; h  T6 ]对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;+ T( z* \1 B' [. L) G: S) X

" w) S. E% h' n5 C- a至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:  z% R' d+ N$ p$ a  l1 w* \  o. z
5 Z+ I- \$ M5 I; X, R
还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。/ H+ d, Y9 b9 I5 T
, p3 a7 E8 L& ~% B) V& Y/ r
有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。6 Q5 r& H& @+ h/ J( v

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2026-2-9 02:37 , Processed in 0.045243 second(s), 14 queries , Gzip On, MemCache On.

Copyright © 2001-2023, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表