AdvertCN - 广告中国

 找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
⚡️AdsPower:安全不封号,高效自动化Google FB TK游戏代投⚡️E.PN 虚拟卡⚡️FB BM不限额,短id账单户
BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理
虚拟信用卡+独立站收款全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)⚡️TikTok企业户,bm户,账单户
IPCola原生住宅IP⚡️$1.8/条双ISP提供TK企业新户老户、谷歌新户老户海外CL企业户源头PTM虚拟卡[全新卡BIN+高返点]
FB虚拟卡⚡️消费越多返现越多最大欧洲Nutra网盟BA找量 FB个号1块一个寻找顶级电商?AdsBranded等你!
TK老户/国内外端口/预审/加白SX.ORG 高质量代理⚡235+ 地区GG,FB,TK, 欧美源头, 欢迎合作广告位出租
8500万高质量住宅IP,助力各种需求虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构  
查看: 5431|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

Rank: 2

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑 % n% _1 z$ G6 q* p4 {( P! ^! R
7 a9 b% K6 v2 N( F5 ?+ m: }
转帖
+ I7 r* E. ], x- U& f: a1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)

6 v" Z( |/ q% S2 a+ d
* V3 w3 [0 Q  |% m/ U例如:
0 s4 O  d! X) r2 K1 o( a) b( y0 l. w' b* ^
Many people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)
9 c  w. C- j) X5 z' R6 V2 ^  O8 d) f, a$ S& a% D
Three hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。)
. F! G; U- q4 G( N
4 K; p1 }8 k1 n! {6 J; PThis news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread)2 s1 v' G$ H; m( T$ D, b5 Z& e

: L/ v. H0 n4 }9 g' {The president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?)
1 v% A) L! V! s2 R
9 V3 o# u5 ~% y8 II have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)
( o) A) h1 }+ w" ~' C0 F/ {/ I& j2 K
Mr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor)
' b9 R4 k  t. S6 ~7 r5 T; i+ t. L  q8 M' z6 w! X2 d* A
We hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)
3 ?; |6 {0 Q# P) G, [/ f! U
8 E) ~/ M# h- H( cThe charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词)
7 Y1 {) ^( C/ w6 [
. i9 U+ ]% y6 u- c" VWe don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)
) u/ a; l! ?- f8 n& s) T1 n6 r
/ l0 ]; D$ o  N0 X/ Y0 R# {4 ePlease act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?)
  e4 i1 @- P+ C5 M' o' u* w" a+ U1 p! j2 x
这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!
  V% g* D- \8 O+ ?- }) S
/ F: t$ I+ s- }& A
* j& V3 v4 Z8 I4 x6 K1 t* H6 s2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。
1 V* G1 t& V  x% E* q) p9 m7 Y& z' U7 B+ |$ [5 t
例如:
) |4 _" i6 ]  U* r* B+ L: o7 O6 ]( |- f' Q  ?$ f
At this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)5 ?( [6 n9 C0 H. R( }( I$ r$ S
$ I- ]5 c  |; d
Despite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though)2 b! y3 x. o6 H3 z. m, D

/ d3 T+ e  ~8 {) C6 l2 Z2 PI am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)8 e% m1 y) O+ Q0 P' s' B

/ R: M! e; v# ], eHe quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)
! L/ e& a1 o1 d  t* I
7 ?3 x( q& _* z1 }8 a* BIn the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)
7 M# B; N5 a, G- I) b" M
) y! D0 d% I; M  k4 iShe shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer)
5 `) L, o  ^0 L1 f2 a' F* W2 Y( `
- H4 p: f& O, DI will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)
; O0 p# {; y/ R& {7 o$ A! S: k9 B
如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:
  f& e- ^2 |9 t8 v
6 i7 q( F2 a, M: qThe consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。)
, h* ]4 S9 Q8 r0 }% N2 k' ~2 M( m) u* c! w
The letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.)
1 a0 ^2 q! g' C  b" e
8 D( T+ u( k- l# ~2 @; `He has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)
$ w* J  W: j" w1 B9 J: e/ l3 i! u& |* O8 E
He has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味)
  Q" x* E2 H9 b7 C; v- `9 o- Q9 {4 M! T0 \, W2 W
We assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的)+ v0 }& g/ R" @  {7 r. u7 p

7 d( p& l2 Q8 A- ^" m: P1 jEnclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收)
3 S8 [/ h* H4 L/ n, B0 e' K) P* i! f! P, ^* n6 _# }
写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.). S0 {! y5 z2 o" s+ K0 h& H9 |! q

- e" i- c2 U* C0 q6 r$ a: p此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。( P- G+ ?) c5 h; H, u8 A8 T4 V
$ o" }' B8 k5 o4 n

! V4 n9 x- [7 V/ K( s$ V. N3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」
" v' Y4 u& G! o, @
3 e- B3 A8 e& K+ Z; D例如:
+ J1 p9 {' w" @& d. \
; }- S1 V, F3 L  A' ?* E) ^  JMankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数)
4 R: X  o* g* u5 S- S+ c, c0 B( t/ A# r9 z& u/ ^
Manpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources)
/ m- q. }, D7 h- J( C  k7 V: D+ C; R
This small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)5 q7 A) c9 ^4 r8 R  t% k" }, ?4 q, u
, U1 @0 r  k  c* r3 o
He (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。)6 {8 z& }7 j, W. Y+ u& n' r1 i3 z- G

' h/ P# q9 |* u4 }& }Many businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。)% r! W/ [0 U- U. [  S# J$ h" x
: K! C8 q& D- n1 [
Policemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别)" A* q7 X* C* A: ?! H  ?

1 @6 H& l* k9 u- e  T- SCongressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives)
6 A' k7 F& {* V- J" |( a
; l8 L0 U- ?/ EStewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)
7 f  _; K+ z( r! }6 w' T/ g3 r0 ]8 `6 M- p4 \
同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。
$ U% K) f" Y# D# H$ K; F" \' z: B2 m& J  x* N# }: k
当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:
4 h' y) a1 A. _* H* [- J4 n: A
8 e! S! h" u- r9 b6 V/ d$ R对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;$ m! D5 J4 D, ?3 W. [4 y  J4 v
- j  O4 F% v  n' t7 R
对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;5 _4 z* o& M" u  w
1 A' W. ^. ^4 W0 r+ A$ j0 V& e
对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;
$ o5 T7 I, i/ D, {: q5 ]1 {+ E* P6 n' f
对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;
, h6 A* W* K. {& i. m
$ e! E7 v, |( H% E8 g至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:
' x  [* v: |6 f4 j, U5 S: L1 l
$ `0 V9 E2 }* s* D还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。
- q  J, b' v7 `$ k; n* x( F; R/ ]* K7 _
有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。
; o0 q% M% b( F6 n8 K

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2026-2-7 05:46 , Processed in 0.045224 second(s), 14 queries , Gzip On, MemCache On.

Copyright © 2001-2023, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表