AdvertCN - 广告中国

 找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
⚡️AdsPower:安全不封号,高效自动化Google FB TK游戏代投⚡️E.PN 虚拟卡⚡️BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!
比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理虚拟信用卡+独立站收款
全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值Facebook 批量上广告尤里改 - FB 稳定投放免费黑五教程(持续更新、欢迎交流)
FB 三不限源头 - 自助下户充值转款各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)⚡️TikTok企业户,bm户,账单户IPCola原生住宅IP⚡️$1.8/条双ISP
FB海外户、GG老户、TK加白老户海外CL企业户源头PTM虚拟卡[全新卡BIN+高返点]FB虚拟卡⚡️消费越多返现越多
最大欧洲Nutra网盟BA找量 FB个号1块一个TikTok2审户/老户/国内外端口/加白SX.ORG 高质量代理⚡235+ 地区
GG,FB,TK, 欧美源头, 欢迎合作❤️跨境债务催收/风险代理FB企业户海外户,授信户,TK加白户Proxy4Free独家住宅IP池❤️免费测试
联盟收款/海外资金下发/服贸结汇域名防红⚠斗篷工具/可试用3天广告位出租8500万高质量住宅IP,助力各种需求
虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构   
查看: 5924|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

Rank: 2

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
PTMLink
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑 5 f: i  _. f+ L2 L1 e9 |5 n1 t
0 s  e3 c  P1 D* e9 l& `
转帖9 V! [. E9 Z6 G
1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)

3 Z! ?% t1 f6 N$ m$ Y
4 a& C5 X, z, d: W6 G) H1 {3 V例如:
) w4 f7 B" m/ {* B! Y: Q! I- H' [; x" U7 s5 }1 o) |/ B
Many people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)
# [( d, |+ G. M9 c
% i; C  N7 O9 }9 w3 H/ \Three hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。)- [6 V7 O3 @) q( ]" Y

- D* o+ S! A" ^! P' CThis news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread)
( d- o6 \2 k+ ]0 E2 }* ~! N1 u2 [
' T! I# V% I  N& U0 A3 R0 j! tThe president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?)9 K% ^; `+ W4 q' Z" r+ _+ o, R
& d. m% k# H/ R
I have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)
$ _) V/ l! Q( a; O( N! D) \  u3 \( O' K2 W
Mr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor)" ]. W4 J+ X$ E) Z

8 `4 T$ v) \2 B$ D. i  j. v- }We hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!): \- C  l; T: A2 Z/ v8 y

  h# N* Z9 h9 ?+ u: J1 E) w  t3 kThe charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词)* ?/ d4 c) D  c7 e, e& U; n

; G  e: I* ~- ~5 s: |3 r; g. qWe don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)
+ \7 g' S  u" P1 u: |( P( U  K1 ]& T& Q0 u# }/ N1 h/ R
Please act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?)
9 ^$ c3 A; P8 ~) l. M% w% A" [7 z: [5 }
这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!' b6 Q, E, m- v- D

: A( W) i: {+ u3 V8 a1 C5 F) ]+ X/ x6 N% ?) Z2 A8 j
2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。1 t0 I8 {! l* P* L! y4 V& i

5 W& H+ w$ H  ^: J/ R例如:2 q) ?+ P2 }7 X4 a1 f
* ~5 T: |' r' J$ o) l2 m
At this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)4 c3 i' i+ i$ a6 R0 A
7 m* V6 g2 e* M7 e) _
Despite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though)& t& w) Q& o1 T" z8 f  ?( n* T
/ e! W1 K3 ]0 K9 D# z4 k
I am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)9 k* J( }, Z! e7 g5 ^# A
% I2 Q( u9 v0 {/ F; H
He quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)
3 a; b: r7 z3 |; A3 k# W& L1 }4 E0 \
# O1 j7 {* S" l1 M8 r) wIn the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)
  E2 l. _" o9 O  L: ^; _6 O$ m& `' k5 \- R1 W, S# T( U9 i' @7 H
She shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer)3 J- t+ I% F3 `- q3 h% m
6 j2 S# G$ K6 ]# m  t/ I4 \' j
I will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)5 D6 ]4 {1 w3 |' m
/ A- K5 y) b% k1 f- ~
如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:
: c7 y; z( _. D8 J4 B$ c' r3 v8 W2 B: F
The consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。)* s( [6 j' f$ D/ {. s
5 p5 ?$ @7 J" o9 m
The letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.)4 x8 K2 J" L9 n+ P- D4 n+ Q, J

9 j: }8 u5 [  ?4 o6 q, I9 dHe has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)
1 [6 n8 ?9 S- A9 Q* i0 G& Q8 K5 m/ L! ]0 j/ r' @/ I1 m+ s
He has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味)
5 y; H( i2 X' U% F: ?6 r) ~5 a: F" f* L5 P: W
We assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的)# Y: E8 l" U* g5 |
3 p1 ~7 q0 i3 M! W4 F9 j1 r$ b
Enclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收). j4 I0 i3 F0 Q9 m& d( Q+ _
  y& \: d5 t$ N
写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)
* O  K  i$ S2 i  R3 o% ^# Q+ j+ {. A/ h8 ], i9 [" [1 F3 D$ W
此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。
3 T* X: X6 F0 p$ u  b* b% O- A% V8 F7 z' W" F2 {- b
' {$ |$ e' e5 X/ k5 n9 Z1 D! K
3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」0 \4 U3 ]* o. b1 E

" E3 z( g' z; I8 N- j$ ^% G3 c例如:
4 h5 Z- Z- T$ A8 M, s2 }" y) i+ x& s( F
Mankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数)
, K& Z, _8 H# q4 h' m* k; z' }
+ ?  j3 _* P1 W! d5 H- GManpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources)
5 ?) |6 h8 V$ j5 V1 }7 e* i( i- f( [4 g0 W# c
This small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)8 M/ @8 E% C7 T% M
% O* L% h0 [# s' D6 z0 e3 }
He (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。)
; L6 C; ?: t( y
: g: g" T0 j# W: {" \' J8 WMany businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。)( J" S: s4 M& {

0 x3 E# c# A9 _  x8 \! ^Policemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别)
  g$ K7 \! d; d5 Z, ~. c/ P; C  i2 R( d( z- c5 O1 H
Congressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives)
6 D) y% o2 }: O. O4 g) E" k
  T8 k2 Q) y. Y3 n1 v+ v) NStewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。); F' j% u- q+ c4 ^# T
% c* M  E0 N9 T2 t7 s
同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。3 f, g9 d* r7 ]) l+ i

, Z* h6 ^. i: Y8 |$ v: Q当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:: P# Z( L- ^2 D+ {% `

' v# B$ O6 n2 S8 n3 s对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;# G: x- S. r# R5 K" B9 w  A

; j' @, L' p: J( A对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;0 p3 S. t+ X0 O; ]" X3 N# h$ u
, o3 r' P2 o! z$ v; s6 g4 L
对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;# [4 B8 Q( k! D# ]7 W
" N: @) Q0 @6 S+ }/ }
对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;
. `1 k* j2 }% n' r. I/ S3 r! e6 \0 v. |' w3 f
至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:% u8 S! i( _  {2 ~. A

) X6 X- M. {$ p" S; |还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。
  Q; ^/ i+ r$ U" @2 V6 f6 Z+ I, d' l  q, M/ U* F+ j7 _
有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。1 O6 q* Z. x2 Z8 c; Q

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2026-4-27 03:23 , Processed in 0.044919 second(s), 14 queries , Gzip On, MemCache On.

Copyright © 2001-2023, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表