找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
Google FB TK游戏代投⚡️E.PN 虚拟卡⚡️BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具
ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值Facebook 批量上广告
尤里改 - FB 稳定投放免费黑五教程(持续更新、欢迎交流)FB 三不限源头 - 自助下户充值转款各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)
IPCola原生住宅IP⚡️$1.8/条双ISPFB资源,账单户,分享户,国内一手TK加白户/二解户/FB海外户/GG老户最大欧洲Nutra网盟BA找量
FB高权重耐操个号⚡️稳定过审GG,FB,TK, 欧美源头, 欢迎合作❤️FB企业户海外户,授信户,TK加白户联盟收款/海外资金下发/服贸结汇
⚡️Spend.net — 美元卡仅需$0⚡️✔Taboola海外户广告位出租虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构
查看: 6855|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑
) }+ `& a4 G. l+ t, p3 G( L2 O7 s5 J1 a* S/ b
转帖
% T+ u4 o( v9 e' ~1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)

' i. `' u5 t  L% P% k* t$ j$ [+ i! X9 r1 W
例如:
6 ^) Z3 N4 U4 u* C. t1 E# f
0 O5 V7 g3 J7 e, J8 N; ~$ HMany people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)
7 h' U6 {4 d; d
1 ^3 `3 {% e1 ?Three hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。)
& [& X& A$ b0 V. o$ @' o9 K! `) j+ f) G" E; X3 b* x$ o
This news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread)* t  T) T0 P# E- \: z( c

5 V- f& _, N1 [( y! O5 wThe president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?)2 n6 o# o" F0 y& |' M" C
  V2 x: i- z8 Z, B. x( q1 f% Z( O4 W
I have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)
# t- Q4 b# H( }( f0 e, G9 w6 m" \" k
Mr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor)
0 {& b; \* x6 a, o1 \/ i* [
. \. S8 _8 D* bWe hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)
, h! P, ~4 s+ k) F5 y' m- d8 V6 c1 z# m! c( R( }' y
The charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词)8 X5 K' y$ V2 f5 m- o
$ _3 e8 q) c# |2 n8 d1 H
We don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)
: I0 D* k, T! H8 E0 f
* t* ?# `, F2 x4 ~4 W4 rPlease act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?)8 Y: q8 h* s. P6 e  V

# T2 |5 [% J( j2 E+ }% m0 q这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!7 O  a; O" i; B( w
7 |. P0 k# m+ G7 J- B# V

/ S  U/ x& w0 Y& C2 Q# O& |3 F2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。0 O" n6 U. }+ z5 j7 R$ ?

3 u  x# p& N* X例如:
$ e( p. |6 N! ^) X
, Y6 M% ^5 l, g6 U0 f; QAt this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)9 M, e% D" K# {2 ?

9 h7 Y0 b2 ~, p% _: V: ?* oDespite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though)
6 k5 L1 @* }; S* t) z; J/ @. s, M% R; u2 l+ c& Y
I am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)
" N5 B2 Q# \  Y2 r6 s& N" Q1 w
2 }# |9 R$ Z% @* y6 d' f: HHe quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)! ?0 I- ]. L4 q: B& m

+ y; q3 Q# f& Z$ Q$ |; RIn the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)
4 g( t6 \, u% J
* J: r# A4 a7 a0 y% y! XShe shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer)
* Q6 D; |1 I# A# C& p3 X  k( M* v8 [( c2 D. W) V1 P5 ]
I will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)
% K! j8 U: X/ s% g/ P. Z
( d& n2 y2 r, W3 W  q3 a9 o& G* h如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:$ Z" v( Q9 |4 ^/ ~! z* @8 V

( ?# q  s7 f& @- E0 QThe consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。)
8 P  f8 N# L3 ]# `
! Y9 {: X( O" CThe letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.)
) E2 Z3 r# @! {+ V. ~8 h; P; e0 ]* f) v: N
He has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)/ v) G* o% ?$ e2 n7 X
6 v8 a* Y2 l3 r3 z- L  R! w" ]9 ^
He has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味)
( G1 A) {6 {, Q4 ?% J1 T& u: Q* H4 U5 H$ W/ r
We assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的)
- C# s8 R, I. O5 v! w( X! T* }/ ], H# B1 K4 l
Enclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收)
5 H, o/ c8 Z' u% b3 u# u
4 y0 D3 _, n3 R) t( |写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)* I+ b4 j2 c; _% d; Q) s$ t

6 ]7 b  ]2 Q8 M" a: J8 K此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。/ O: G! x7 Z* ?
2 o5 x# r$ ]2 d, d) l( o

; E! y6 e% Q2 P. X) C& S5 z3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」# h8 ~9 G. Q2 d4 g1 L
5 D2 {3 I$ p: y% S# v4 [: N, O* {
例如:
3 @/ U9 l# `8 E  }; T
& O% C* `  M+ ?" Z, e# q* bMankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数)
7 Q; k- N. g5 [6 T. {
' |: s5 n& W) |% d+ F) z, d# @Manpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources): O( [9 \* e; O% P4 k. v
) O( a# ?9 X$ F, M! L
This small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)
5 a: B9 g/ N! L8 k
2 a; @$ i" x9 E0 m- {He (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。)/ i) Z1 q# w# W/ Q4 E  T* T
) `- J$ k( e8 s
Many businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。); q' e5 P: D3 u" h
( j. E+ s. M" I; \1 A: @3 B' A
Policemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别)
1 q* Q3 Z' G9 t- e' p( {% y7 ?4 e; G
, t: U9 U7 o" Q$ u' X2 a5 h0 c8 JCongressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives)
# j$ e, C; d% i+ q
9 l# O  b" C9 Y; @  N5 p) x: k5 vStewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)/ V- Y( J$ ~  W) D; t3 Q1 M) l# \% E7 j
. z0 _2 q' B+ v7 d" N
同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。
8 M/ K  x3 _) L. l) R
4 [2 G: ^& ]9 M& q; \当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:; V0 ~9 R5 [2 C5 K
2 s! t+ b" i- h+ U* g
对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;% [# X0 y! s9 w, p5 D2 z

9 Z8 C5 r5 y3 k0 Y$ a' y  G. S) L对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;# b$ F/ i( X4 v3 o- ?
& I! C" |: k  m( M# ^( w
对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;, h7 D5 q' j; m7 X

5 W1 V: B" C+ a+ `7 w% r对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;; c4 i; Y5 m* P) M8 i5 B% \

, H) D* c  d6 Z/ t8 O# E& S; t  u至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:
, ?' e& \/ P( v9 @2 }9 F  e% c
0 r" ]/ r/ U; i8 p还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。+ M  z- k, j! Y9 Q. r6 D0 E$ y
) D+ e# D$ N' s+ I$ }6 s: m" U
有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。  R/ w; K+ [5 j

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2026-8-25 20:27 , Processed in 0.073590 second(s), 23 queries , Gzip On.

Copyright © 2001-2026, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表