找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
Google FB TK游戏代投⚡️E.PN 虚拟卡⚡️BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具
ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理虚拟信用卡+独立站收款全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值
Facebook 批量上广告尤里改 - FB 稳定投放免费黑五教程(持续更新、欢迎交流)FB 三不限源头 - 自助下户充值转款
各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)IPCola原生住宅IP⚡️$1.8/条双ISPTK加白户/二解户/FB海外户/GG老户海外CL企业户源头
最大欧洲Nutra网盟BA找量 FB高权重耐操个号⚡️稳定过审GG,FB,TK, 欧美源头, 欢迎合作❤️FB企业户海外户,授信户,TK加白户
联盟收款/海外资金下发/服贸结汇✔Taboola海外户9千万住宅IP-低至$0.3/gb✅静态$4/ip广告位出租
虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构   
查看: 6972|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑
  n+ ?) Y2 F5 u, w
, t9 O5 J9 q2 t& s$ H& d4 p转帖
; f# q) F0 u3 u) m" u1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)
" O, u2 [" ?& S: k! C7 u2 j1 [
& @0 ]. j1 X9 a! |' b
例如:  U! l( e/ d* R- {9 o

4 V! A! w2 R4 d* v6 CMany people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)
' L6 D+ l3 C: [7 P  k. t  A9 x, {6 K/ U: h+ R( }. f
Three hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。)- V+ E) K5 e6 I

7 T+ p& t; g: b- [& k# a; RThis news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread); c# v9 s- {* c/ e! E; ?

* Y6 O0 B9 r3 W  n' LThe president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?)
% t# t8 S9 Y9 c- E* l$ i$ \/ M. h/ l
I have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)% w- A8 c, ]# D: E; D; ~8 N! g+ W7 a
. ^1 T! v- K8 T' F/ n6 L
Mr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor)
3 M. j/ J0 }6 i8 W2 D! ?: C
( I2 R; r0 p# K, N% |$ ~7 mWe hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)
2 g  R" K9 D1 N
9 R& Y9 Q  L0 DThe charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词)4 `; J4 @! i; q
. F' u  I" d1 h: H
We don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)
0 D4 L4 `) P- X% s; v( j9 j/ ?5 R# U- c
Please act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?)
0 Q4 f4 @9 T# P- u' m$ D
/ ?( D% k) E4 w+ ]$ r9 S# e0 W* O这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!" `5 m6 u1 A! S& c4 I

* t, b0 T9 t  J6 E7 {, b& h, o' R$ k- |
2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。
" o1 E" Q$ @; P  \2 q/ D% G% u
7 d: h+ ~% w$ q9 e" L9 x6 V例如:( R3 t& A3 `* `) g
) N4 c7 h6 X/ {. C5 r7 i
At this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)* M0 X  m3 C& Y) e9 p- ^7 u

' |" v% C- R4 j) R+ H, w$ \, m! ?Despite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though)
- b9 H/ g9 }) ^" H
8 X3 L; s/ Y- e0 _7 sI am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)
' u( y% I, F4 f1 V
- A( T) Z, g# u* mHe quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)
5 @& c5 e: S3 ?- i3 B+ @8 I  b$ H  q" a
In the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)6 X; \, x& D  J" j& R1 i8 O6 ]) y
, L$ m* ?0 H0 U1 w$ q* e7 S( q$ @+ H
She shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer)  U, K: E+ `1 E

- O; H5 g, m! _. C7 C; a$ m4 xI will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)! }& a6 q/ Y+ f" B' r

1 |9 N* D+ g) w% k5 }8 ^如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:
- D$ u/ x- t& y7 e3 }" v; M6 w4 k
3 g! k4 g- Q0 H5 f# g' u3 A6 d" mThe consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。)1 P2 e2 v5 b* N; H$ ^3 D

, W' ^1 _1 P1 X2 h1 ?  K  \The letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.)/ g; D, z: h9 B9 a  G% b+ k+ L
% W* {! Y% w% Q$ \
He has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)6 q- V# E" Z* U! Q2 i" k: J

5 ^2 ~4 H- j2 z" M9 E+ H" Z9 MHe has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味)
6 Q3 X' ]6 X3 O# S, b& `
8 e' m2 w, z+ D/ W6 A! ~We assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的)# S1 A; V5 P1 R4 r9 H, [

, o# {1 e7 M( @9 X% aEnclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收)
& D5 a+ w/ G/ [: ~
. @" b1 s$ L, v5 ^写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)
+ f2 M' Z  p7 b% u, F( e; {3 _$ n  \' X
此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。
5 z8 M5 D/ {) y$ O+ z
# f9 V+ Z  Z3 u8 E, |3 `
- X% ~7 n  Y1 @% }& g3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」
* e8 A4 b) G2 `' J
6 q* Y9 v4 N  a# J- }/ m例如:
+ }8 u: D' E! Z5 f$ C9 o+ e# ^3 B1 K4 b6 [( w/ G0 m& ?  A" @
Mankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数)% f# v* @2 }# K- [7 u3 Q

+ H& b: ^' g. M+ }; c' @Manpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources)
, l% N8 ~. P" D7 d! i& i4 ?, p+ d6 `4 p8 Q
This small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)1 [. a) g: r* G8 R

1 Z: z" J8 X! D  a' D, U4 @He (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。)
+ \. j, m+ y6 l/ G" M  S" g8 |5 m6 F: v6 c" M* r! \5 T
Many businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。)* Q/ L' c, t' W6 R; _, D( ?$ P+ X/ [

+ \0 q$ g  ?. ?7 R/ B, xPolicemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别)" T8 y: |2 O2 M/ x9 ^2 ~$ t

2 p" a( N( n& Z- o1 i, @4 Q0 \Congressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives)* v7 |9 {9 ]" q% q

  H0 f5 {6 ?/ F9 E3 MStewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)
+ s8 g2 A9 T0 O  |& j
! f0 X/ z) ]" [& @% ]8 d% y5 ~! Z同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。1 K8 \+ A6 u0 o1 q+ O+ L

0 ?$ N9 [' q% h2 Q6 Q当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:
- b2 P8 Z* d7 U! E- @2 p$ q2 `6 J% M4 p) t. H2 ?+ U
对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;
% h+ d& Y% o0 {6 S5 u, D% a1 c2 X, J  v+ J3 U
对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;  o4 a5 o* x( a/ a

. X0 T2 s' `& R4 w1 c对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;
2 G- _+ C. ]) l) X& f% S* G% n1 S! E6 K
对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;1 M" @1 d0 a* F) @
! D0 a3 [; p. I8 P+ Q8 u
至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:, A" X2 q2 t$ q$ \( K

! ^# g  V/ W8 D  u3 F) n还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。
, G0 ?8 ]5 `( K) M7 P* `$ J' W; g
有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。
9 [; h9 U: J3 A: Y, t. J

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2026-9-7 19:41 , Processed in 0.061240 second(s), 23 queries , Gzip On.

Copyright © 2001-2026, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表