找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
Google FB TK游戏代投⚡️E.PN 虚拟卡⚡️BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具
ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理虚拟信用卡+独立站收款全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值
Facebook 批量上广告尤里改 - FB 稳定投放免费黑五教程(持续更新、欢迎交流)FB 三不限源头 - 自助下户充值转款
各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)IPCola原生住宅IP⚡️$1.8/条双ISPFB资源,账单户,分享户,国内一手TK加白户/二解户/FB海外户/GG老户
最大欧洲Nutra网盟BA找量 FB高权重耐操个号⚡️稳定过审GG,FB,TK, 欧美源头, 欢迎合作❤️FB企业户海外户,授信户,TK加白户
联盟收款/海外资金下发/服贸结汇⚡️Spend.net — 美元卡仅需$0⚡️✔Taboola海外户广告位出租
虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构   
查看: 6822|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑 5 J4 I0 J3 J% ^- h
  U( \+ v% K4 s+ A( X: x1 `
转帖
+ u! f* O; G3 I6 P7 l! u1 W& v1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)
( [$ t) Y0 [$ Z4 W0 D. S
8 b$ I' @: @" I9 Q5 U3 c1 I
例如:" D7 D4 G/ a' B: L8 K! R

+ ^- L$ Y! T1 M1 e  H  xMany people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)  G$ ~9 e. k# B" y( l& P8 ~

- U+ n3 t$ K& kThree hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。)9 z, H1 h; P+ Z# a$ H( C. `& M

5 M7 O7 Z  N  M1 g  F" e+ i! ^This news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread)/ b- ^* ?$ b0 ^

/ a1 v1 ^9 F5 ]1 }8 J+ Q" GThe president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?)! N8 N0 {. i2 q: X1 E/ x
. X& Q0 X2 E* |' P
I have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)9 k' P- K( w$ \' b- O9 b( y* k
5 X: |4 T' A' g; g! |
Mr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor)
$ l2 I7 B. T! I# G) z- `# z$ C5 [3 \+ W7 L' S! w
We hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)3 D  e' H0 O; `; K" c& I: B
' [! b( w; l& p6 Z9 d0 K# X# t
The charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词)" T: p% m7 k6 X; ?$ b; H- Y& c: c

' S/ r* b0 i- o  T% O( C" D) c* L2 ]We don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)" D; J- d$ y# `  c- u) [& o

& X  e1 `- k1 p% ]; t; cPlease act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?)
( i5 N! S2 V( ]9 X
" O) G  U& m9 _这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!
1 }, c4 i, X) @* g/ k( N( {  [' Z8 B, l) @* ]( @: w- X" d& g8 d9 S
3 k5 W- _1 h' j5 _% P! V$ d
2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。' [. e- T) N, L6 f1 e

7 f- T: d$ z# ~: }  P% [例如:
- E7 z3 N* B; f" T  X6 F9 S! j2 y) U
At this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)7 ^) d! L: q. m7 D/ L& k

$ p8 \' J1 E; x. b$ P( WDespite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though)9 W' w0 f" h# k, B

- E/ o4 y& p+ _8 k1 ?7 yI am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)  g) }# v. B0 G# b, ?, w

6 b: @$ ~/ G; a8 }* CHe quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)4 j1 R. S9 y  F8 z
8 g2 X6 k9 V0 J9 W; a
In the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)
( s  k: J# @: c, P+ g: g
5 r! H& k. U: c) |She shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer)$ P' P8 F- i$ h4 P5 F% M4 `

7 h) Y; R9 Q1 k- yI will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)
! x% s/ |  `) |8 T5 L- E- i/ E5 s! T
如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:; P7 `' @$ Q$ A2 ?5 V" b
, W! b" |$ Y1 C7 i' r# E
The consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。)
5 ^; Q1 f: G' u4 X9 C' j0 W2 w/ l) y% V
The letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.)5 J2 h$ t; @# S9 d: q" t/ P) V

; j. J3 b% L* _5 {! e* pHe has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)
6 ?1 B# v2 q5 c/ \: B+ o8 G# S0 O
- X6 O, u. y- s9 ?5 S  }He has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味)
6 q1 ]0 z! ?, F5 I5 y8 }4 P! W5 F4 ~1 z& N/ ?' C" D9 C
We assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的)
  g1 c! X, K! j7 b% k% M
. v# {$ I7 D8 }" d& t9 UEnclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收)
) Y$ x" `" C/ D2 `- G6 P) [9 w" j7 E& o9 W& o1 @
写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)
3 r4 s0 ?. U1 J  i; W8 H! U; ~6 y+ l6 H! n2 R' E) ?+ ~0 q
此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。- x/ J( v5 _6 K5 }

2 G* M. A1 `: z" P; \8 R; G: @3 x, `# f
3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」
$ ~4 I2 z; f* m* S& P& F, X' i: I  c& B# u1 d) T
例如:/ \; U) r9 d- i  W

. t/ G1 G4 z# `% |/ uMankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数), x6 D; B( e2 L( ?

9 E+ \+ ~2 c/ H" R( w. UManpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources)5 c+ p0 S/ ?6 i
4 y4 Z" R8 l( L
This small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)6 }& n5 o( R1 {0 w+ a! Y; e

7 x- s4 b7 ^" j# x8 `3 dHe (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。)
5 b" A2 k" H9 h
: Z7 K6 @7 M8 c% I3 {, kMany businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。)$ w3 R$ ~1 z3 }( u/ w& i# y8 n

6 p' a1 i5 |  y: F/ z4 @) A& T. _Policemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别)* `! Y# X, N. z( L+ c

/ e/ v( B2 x" @Congressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives)" x* Y' k% m8 b- N  v

: L1 s8 u7 z0 rStewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)8 e/ M; |5 g* n' D
% [) ?2 t4 k. D; l% Y1 Q5 h- k" \
同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。2 s. R' M( X* ^8 ?, P( f$ l

3 i9 A! K" k# N5 _当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:6 q+ o3 `; v% u7 M% T
& f+ h+ B/ v4 z6 Y0 Z7 J* B  L/ g
对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;
$ O4 y/ J* u' y$ {( G; C0 O5 l7 y  M- O7 h4 {& C3 e. a
对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;% D3 [  g6 T- `
) }* E$ o) O3 [: B) E8 _% R: L! i
对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;3 q2 z5 j3 _: U  E5 \& [

- G4 _  j' p) M: Z: r/ J- k; n# |对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;
; D: @8 N, h( e! F2 v% X
- w* l  m7 o' _' O至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:
7 F3 z2 q4 I7 R9 [: x# J0 z1 y* C" C8 t) Q3 R% G3 G& S9 G
还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。
& S5 g- m, _. P. h6 _2 ?5 k" ~9 u( \9 M
有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。
1 R2 }: Q: w% }7 {* ?: a( l

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2026-8-21 13:31 , Processed in 0.060797 second(s), 24 queries , Gzip On.

Copyright © 2001-2026, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表