AdvertCN - 广告中国

 找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
⚡️AdsPower:安全不封号,高效自动化Google FB TK游戏代投⚡️E.PN 虚拟卡⚡️FB BM不限额,短id账单户
BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理
虚拟信用卡+独立站收款全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值Facebook 批量上广告尤里改 - FB 稳定投放
免费黑五教程(持续更新、欢迎交流)FB 三不限源头 - 自助下户充值转款各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)⚡️TikTok企业户,bm户,账单户
IPCola原生住宅IP⚡️$1.8/条双ISP提供TK企业新户老户、谷歌新户老户PTM虚拟卡[全新卡BIN+高返点]FB虚拟卡⚡️消费越多返现越多
最大欧洲Nutra网盟BA找量FB稳定代理/住宅IP/ADV50打五折 FB个号1块一个寻找顶级电商?AdsBranded等你!
TK老户/国内外端口/预审/加白SX.ORG 高质量代理⚡235+ 地区广告位出租8500万高质量住宅IP,助力各种需求
虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构   
查看: 5351|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

Rank: 2

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
HuiTong虚拟卡
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑
% P: l- n! F8 K6 S' j
( Z; e- @! g5 ?; Q转帖3 v9 v$ t+ |  \9 o6 j$ T& {7 z
1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)

5 j/ w1 w9 `5 F0 a+ [! z, B' S$ T- m% @8 i  l* u2 ]3 ^
例如:3 f7 Q! c3 [5 v5 W% h
0 F+ i& f4 l7 C3 b2 ~
Many people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)
7 S) O# D. t/ F1 T/ e% X8 `: |0 o2 V! U; l8 b. |) D/ }
Three hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。)
7 b, Y- c+ |! ?, v
5 e& J8 [" U+ V/ V, HThis news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread)
1 T( z* t8 E0 C
  o+ {4 e( v; n6 c. c6 GThe president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?)
' s' o. ~0 [; U! W0 Q0 Q8 K6 ^
; D! \! i4 b" o- BI have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)
* z6 z: x/ b' f1 K
4 H0 Z6 w3 i% v# Y- _/ uMr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor)- U& Z' M. w2 ~, N% s. C
. r3 A4 }  U# i8 e8 z0 T
We hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)
, n+ f$ C& |! n/ q5 Y3 Y1 J" \8 J( P5 h7 c0 e4 p
The charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词)1 m% C( |5 [! I) i( a5 u
1 t' b) q8 q5 `8 y/ p9 Y: ]: z
We don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)9 y1 o; A0 ^) h: z
: H0 b! N3 ]# Z+ y/ r' q" b
Please act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?)
$ h7 \2 S2 L+ U# i4 P6 I8 F- ?2 [2 U' C
这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!
% y5 ^  K# z9 p6 t8 a+ _5 y' b
9 R0 ?6 w) N+ ~. M3 K: ?! l& G  z, |
2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。
5 j* |- ?# T, U, Y+ }5 H
, G4 o2 V! f0 {' g) W  f+ P8 r例如:
# W8 G8 {( L! A+ N. ]# h( |# N" Z8 ~" l! l+ D# F
At this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)
& I  i% \& a* @0 h4 |) K
6 j; f& Y8 @; M5 O$ O$ _! HDespite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though)8 g7 o0 z9 b+ c3 ]# g9 a

! h5 [, d6 k, D8 L6 J5 D# G; {/ I- XI am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)
: B0 }, L& J4 V7 D; N' A$ M4 Z1 A& J) J" s: N
He quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)
' d( R$ Q; w6 ^4 @! {/ l! k& k" J) A, `9 d
In the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)" Q5 C/ y7 b2 s' W+ K  d
/ F! h; e# K  Y$ @( Q4 L& `( P* L
She shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer)0 Z# v7 b/ o2 R* V6 n, n  |6 v

% y: G" l( A7 uI will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生). T2 M! v0 g3 C* l5 r: s4 c

% _0 q3 r% _, j4 H( z; l如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:1 {7 m: ]# M. R# n' s" Y6 F( I

, w% v6 u/ j! p, h' Q0 pThe consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。)1 H$ w  T( x. b( B
( H: N! i2 F# W: Q% _7 Y2 x* D
The letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.)& e/ I! E& p. N6 A

- M4 b8 V$ V5 x6 i" k& e2 iHe has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)
' }$ b# o" U& C, s7 K" }9 n9 r: C& X) A- L. m% G5 C9 q
He has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味)
. q# J/ T5 Q+ j5 N6 ]  N: ?9 ~+ G3 W! |, [
We assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的)" n- c2 k0 g& g) R, L
( u6 B, G) ^! U# Z6 e
Enclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收)' E7 D7 H" w9 g6 l2 z

* p( ~, U4 x, {9 P0 @) h写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)4 B* y* @7 z  h# r- c- S% n0 t& C0 }

8 P' X( y- W: k5 p+ e此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。" _# `% T+ r1 O1 m, C
" e% y* `% D! G6 }9 |1 g/ I

7 M6 W/ x" p+ L% s4 I' X5 k* f& i4 B3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」( s' H7 {! S+ _$ H( x! f. D

& O" ^4 x5 i; M' L  f( e: q3 p例如:9 {, S( {7 m/ o$ z; u

3 H7 @. J+ d" |6 B: @$ C( T3 f) L! l9 WMankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数). U7 w8 J( j7 F. D( r5 p
" z# i8 `7 k8 L+ _
Manpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources)% m; r* O" i5 v# S5 w

! h; ^" Q: W- e; P1 FThis small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)
2 d5 R, N8 [& @
; @/ {9 @4 k& F  F/ U9 W  PHe (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。)" D" c7 v- M. X+ U* |& z( Y; B* ^

% B5 `+ ]+ l7 U$ h' d: A1 NMany businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。)6 F! B5 ~& X0 H: f

' I+ P" a- C4 v* ?, T: K1 T# LPolicemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别)
* s6 \1 r  ^0 M( {& c8 Q
% J% Q! v6 ?: u( S* S' h! h& r6 c; H, i/ |Congressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives)
+ n5 _3 r2 h: {2 [' [/ G/ U: c" a, r$ \3 A  y
Stewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)- N7 H- q4 O3 k; u! `3 I
5 {% [* j3 h+ F6 D& L1 P. Z4 X$ o
同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。
1 e  m8 Y3 R5 x; t' h( _+ D  V9 J8 h. t, \1 h
当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:5 `* E+ q6 F7 g, T* E  b6 _! j
- J( p, C- b- V" t, C& I( @* t$ N) E/ w
对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;% o- W, h3 O8 x3 V+ N% l) O+ G% C$ v

' h4 L& g0 W) v对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;2 Z: J; g. j8 [# v% r) J% {
( f, L; p* u* X; K+ y( E
对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;
4 t6 c, F4 T0 ]
* J- e% T0 O% @! ^- e8 S1 m对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;
3 Q: Q3 ^+ L: l/ b5 }# M' L" L/ T4 S8 g, F% P' E
至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:; A' L/ ^" Y* K/ A& @
+ d, |3 f& z  n' Q) M
还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。
# D5 r) K. m2 a4 e
; a, {  F: z2 z" \0 a有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。6 b+ m* g! B3 h& z% L

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2026-1-23 22:54 , Processed in 0.045079 second(s), 14 queries , Gzip On, MemCache On.

Copyright © 2001-2023, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表